| @c Copyright (C) 1991-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| @c This is part of the GAS manual. |
| @c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. |
| @ifset GENERIC |
| @page |
| @node Z8000-Dependent |
| @chapter Z8000 Dependent Features |
| @end ifset |
| @ifclear GENERIC |
| @node Machine Dependencies |
| @chapter Z8000 Dependent Features |
| @end ifclear |
| |
| @cindex Z8000 support |
| The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the |
| unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with |
| 24 bit addresses. |
| |
| When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the |
| @code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit) |
| sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with |
| the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit) |
| register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000}, |
| for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives. |
| |
| @menu |
| * Z8000 Options:: Command-line options for the Z8000 |
| * Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000 |
| * Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000 |
| * Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes |
| @end menu |
| |
| @node Z8000 Options |
| @section Options |
| |
| @cindex Z8000 options |
| @cindex options, Z8000 |
| @table @option |
| @cindex @code{-z8001} command-line option, Z8000 |
| @item -z8001 |
| Generate segmented code by default. |
| |
| @cindex @code{-z8002} command-line option, Z8000 |
| @item -z8002 |
| Generate unsegmented code by default. |
| @end table |
| |
| @node Z8000 Syntax |
| @section Syntax |
| @menu |
| * Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters |
| * Z8000-Regs:: Register Names |
| * Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes |
| @end menu |
| |
| @node Z8000-Chars |
| @subsection Special Characters |
| |
| @cindex line comment character, Z8000 |
| @cindex Z8000 line comment character |
| @samp{!} is the line comment character. |
| |
| If a @samp{#} appears as the first character of a line then the whole |
| line is treated as a comment, but in this case the line could also be |
| a logical line number directive (@pxref{Comments}) or a preprocessor |
| control command (@pxref{Preprocessing}). |
| |
| @cindex line separator, Z8000 |
| @cindex statement separator, Z8000 |
| @cindex Z8000 line separator |
| You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements. |
| |
| @node Z8000-Regs |
| @subsection Register Names |
| |
| @cindex Z8000 registers |
| @cindex registers, Z8000 |
| The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer |
| to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the |
| prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and |
| @samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of |
| the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are |
| named @samp{rl@var{n}} and @samp{rh@var{n}}. |
| |
| @smallexample |
| @exdent @emph{byte registers} |
| rl0 rh0 rl1 rh1 rl2 rh2 rl3 rh3 |
| rl4 rh4 rl5 rh5 rl6 rh6 rl7 rh7 |
| |
| @exdent @emph{word registers} |
| r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 |
| |
| @exdent @emph{long word registers} |
| rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14 |
| |
| @exdent @emph{quad word registers} |
| rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12 |
| @end smallexample |
| |
| @node Z8000-Addressing |
| @subsection Addressing Modes |
| |
| @cindex addressing modes, Z8000 |
| @cindex Z800 addressing modes |
| @value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000: |
| |
| @table @code |
| @item rl@var{n} |
| @itemx rh@var{n} |
| @itemx r@var{n} |
| @itemx rr@var{n} |
| @itemx rq@var{n} |
| Register direct: 8bit, 16bit, 32bit, and 64bit registers. |
| |
| @item @@r@var{n} |
| @itemx @@rr@var{n} |
| Indirect register: @@rr@var{n} in segmented mode, @@r@var{n} in unsegmented |
| mode. |
| |
| @item @var{addr} |
| Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler |
| is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction. |
| |
| @item address(r@var{n}) |
| Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce |
| the final address in memory of the operand. |
| |
| @item r@var{n}(#@var{imm}) |
| @itemx rr@var{n}(#@var{imm}) |
| Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign |
| extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory |
| of the operand. |
| |
| @item r@var{n}(r@var{m}) |
| @itemx rr@var{n}(r@var{m}) |
| Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} or rr@var{n} is added to |
| the sign extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final |
| address in memory of the operand. |
| |
| @item #@var{xx} |
| Immediate data @var{xx}. |
| @end table |
| |
| @node Z8000 Directives |
| @section Assembler Directives for the Z8000 |
| |
| @cindex Z8000 directives |
| @cindex directives, Z8000 |
| The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes additional assembler directives, |
| for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. These do not begin with |
| @samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives). |
| |
| @table @code |
| @kindex segm |
| @item segm |
| @kindex .z8001 |
| @itemx .z8001 |
| Generate code for the segmented Z8001. |
| |
| @kindex unsegm |
| @item unsegm |
| @kindex .z8002 |
| @itemx .z8002 |
| Generate code for the unsegmented Z8002. |
| |
| @kindex name |
| @item name |
| Synonym for @code{.file} |
| |
| @kindex global |
| @item global |
| Synonym for @code{.global} |
| |
| @kindex wval |
| @item wval |
| Synonym for @code{.word} |
| |
| @kindex lval |
| @item lval |
| Synonym for @code{.long} |
| |
| @kindex bval |
| @item bval |
| Synonym for @code{.byte} |
| |
| @kindex sval |
| @item sval |
| Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by |
| single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive |
| addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where |
| @var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the |
| character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to |
| describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string |
| literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a = |
| "he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language |
| (shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as |
| |
| @iftex |
| @begingroup |
| @let@nonarrowing=@comment |
| @end iftex |
| @smallexample |
| 68652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00' |
| 61696420 |
| 22697427 |
| 73203530 |
| 25206F66 |
| 662200 |
| @end smallexample |
| @iftex |
| @endgroup |
| @end iftex |
| |
| @kindex rsect |
| @item rsect |
| synonym for @code{.section} |
| |
| @kindex block |
| @item block |
| synonym for @code{.space} |
| |
| @kindex even |
| @item even |
| special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary. |
| @end table |
| |
| @node Z8000 Opcodes |
| @section Opcodes |
| |
| @cindex Z8000 opcode summary |
| @cindex opcode summary, Z8000 |
| @cindex mnemonics, Z8000 |
| @cindex instruction summary, Z8000 |
| For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see |
| @cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}. |
| |
| @ifset SMALL |
| @c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly |
| @c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file. |
| |
| The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments: |
| @iftex |
| @begingroup |
| @let@nonarrowing=@comment |
| @end iftex |
| @smallexample |
| |
| rs @r{16 bit source register} |
| rd @r{16 bit destination register} |
| rbs @r{8 bit source register} |
| rbd @r{8 bit destination register} |
| rrs @r{32 bit source register} |
| rrd @r{32 bit destination register} |
| rqs @r{64 bit source register} |
| rqd @r{64 bit destination register} |
| addr @r{16/24 bit address} |
| imm @r{immediate data} |
| |
| adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc |
| adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc |
| add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd |
| add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7 |
| add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1 |
| add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1 |
| add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1 |
| addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1 |
| addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1 |
| addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1 |
| addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1 |
| addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1 |
| addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2 |
| addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs |
| addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr |
| addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs) |
| addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16 |
| and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs |
| and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs |
| and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr |
| and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs) |
| and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32 |
| andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs |
| andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7 |
| andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2 |
| andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs |
| andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr |
| bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs) |
| bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs |
| bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs |
| bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr |
| bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs) |
| bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs |
| bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8 |
| bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8 |
| bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8 |
| bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8 |
| bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd |
| call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd |
| call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd |
| call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt |
| calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs |
| clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16 |
| clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs |
| clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16 |
| clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1 |
| clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1 |
| inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs) |
| inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16 |
| incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs |
| incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs |
| incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr |
| incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs) |
| ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32 |
| indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs |
| inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd |
| inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr |
| iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd) |
| jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd |
| jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd |
| jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr |
| jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd) |
| ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd |
| ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop |
| ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs |
| ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr |
| ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs) |
| ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16 |
| ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs |
| ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs |
| ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr |
| ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs) |
| ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8 |
| ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs |
| ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs |
| ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs |
| ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs |
| lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs |
| lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra |
| lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba |
| lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra |
| ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra |
| ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs |
| ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs |
| ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs |
| ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs |
| ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs |
| ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs |
| ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs |
| ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs |
| ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs |
| ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr |
| ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs) |
| ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16 |
| push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32 |
| pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs |
| pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd |
| pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd |
| pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd |
| res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr |
| res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd) |
| res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd |
| res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd |
| res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr |
| resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd) |
| resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd |
| resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd |
| resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr |
| resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd) |
| resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd |
| ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba |
| rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba |
| rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr |
| rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr |
| rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr |
| rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr |
| rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr |
| rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr |
| rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd |
| rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr |
| rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd) |
| rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd |
| rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd |
| rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr |
| rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd) |
| rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd |
| rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs |
| rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr |
| rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs) |
| sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16 |
| sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs |
| sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs |
| sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr |
| sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs) |
| sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8 |
| sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs |
| sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs |
| sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs |
| set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr |
| set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs) |
| @end smallexample |
| @iftex |
| @endgroup |
| @end iftex |
| @end ifset |
| |
