ld/ldlang.c

/* Linker command language support.
   Copyright (C) 1991-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This file is part of the GNU Binutils.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
   MA 02110-1301, USA.  */

#include "sysdep.h"
#include <limits.h>
#include "bfd.h"
#include "libiberty.h"
#include "filenames.h"
#include "safe-ctype.h"
#include "obstack.h"
#include "bfdlink.h"
#include "ctf-api.h"
#include "ld.h"
#include "ldmain.h"
#include "ldexp.h"
#include "ldlang.h"
#include <ldgram.h>
#include "ldlex.h"
#include "ldmisc.h"
#include "ldctor.h"
#include "ldfile.h"
#include "ldemul.h"
#include "fnmatch.h"
#include "demangle.h"
#include "hashtab.h"
#include "elf-bfd.h"
#include "bfdver.h"

#if BFD_SUPPORTS_PLUGINS
#include "plugin.h"
#endif

#ifndef offsetof
#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t) & (((TYPE*) 0)->MEMBER))
#endif

/* Convert between addresses in bytes and sizes in octets.
   For currently supported targets, octets_per_byte is always a power
   of two, so we can use shifts.  */
#define TO_ADDR(X) ((X) >> opb_shift)
#define TO_SIZE(X) ((X) << opb_shift)

/* Local variables.  */
static struct obstack stat_obstack;
static struct obstack map_obstack;
static struct obstack pt_obstack;

#define obstack_chunk_alloc xmalloc
#define obstack_chunk_free free
static const char *entry_symbol_default = "start";
static bool map_head_is_link_order = false;
static lang_output_section_statement_type *default_common_section;
static bool map_option_f;
static bfd_vma print_dot;
static lang_input_statement_type *first_file;
static const char *current_target;
static lang_statement_list_type *stat_save[10];
static lang_statement_list_type **stat_save_ptr = &stat_save[0];
static struct unique_sections *unique_section_list;
static struct asneeded_minfo *asneeded_list_head;
static unsigned int opb_shift = 0;

/* Forward declarations.  */
static void exp_init_os (etree_type *);
static lang_input_statement_type *lookup_name (const char *);
static bool wont_add_section_p (asection *,
				lang_output_section_statement_type *);
static void insert_undefined (const char *);
static bool sort_def_symbol (struct bfd_link_hash_entry *, void *);
static lang_statement_union_type *new_statement (enum statement_enum type,
						size_t size,
						lang_statement_list_type *list);
static void print_statement (lang_statement_union_type *,
			     lang_output_section_statement_type *);
static void print_statement_list (lang_statement_union_type *,
				  lang_output_section_statement_type *);
static void print_statements (void);
static void print_input_section (asection *, bool);
static bool lang_one_common (struct bfd_link_hash_entry *, void *);
static void lang_record_phdrs (void);
static void lang_do_version_exports_section (void);
static void lang_finalize_version_expr_head
  (struct bfd_elf_version_expr_head *);
static void lang_do_memory_regions (bool);

/* Exported variables.  */
const char *output_target;
lang_output_section_statement_type *abs_output_section;
/* Header for list of statements corresponding to any files involved in the
   link, either specified from the command-line or added implicitely (eg.
   archive member used to resolved undefined symbol, wildcard statement from
   linker script, etc.).  Next pointer is in next field of a
   lang_statement_header_type (reached via header field in a
   lang_statement_union).  */
lang_statement_list_type statement_list;
lang_statement_list_type lang_os_list;
lang_statement_list_type *stat_ptr = &statement_list;
/* Header for list of statements corresponding to files used in the final
   executable.  This can be either object file specified on the command-line
   or library member resolving an undefined reference.  Next pointer is in next
   field of a lang_input_statement_type (reached via input_statement field in a
   lang_statement_union).  */
lang_statement_list_type file_chain = { NULL, NULL };
/* Header for list of statements corresponding to files specified on the
   command-line for linking.  It thus contains real object files and archive
   but not archive members.  Next pointer is in next_real_file field of a
   lang_input_statement_type statement (reached via input_statement field in a
   lang_statement_union).  */
lang_statement_list_type input_file_chain;
static const char *current_input_file;
struct bfd_elf_dynamic_list **current_dynamic_list_p;
struct bfd_sym_chain entry_symbol = { NULL, NULL };
const char *entry_section = ".text";
struct lang_input_statement_flags input_flags;
bool entry_from_cmdline;
bool lang_has_input_file = false;
bool had_output_filename = false;
bool lang_float_flag = false;
bool delete_output_file_on_failure = false;
bool enable_linker_version = false;
struct lang_phdr *lang_phdr_list;
struct lang_nocrossrefs *nocrossref_list;
struct asneeded_minfo **asneeded_list_tail;
#ifdef ENABLE_LIBCTF
static ctf_dict_t *ctf_output;
#endif

/* Functions that traverse the linker script and might evaluate
   DEFINED() need to increment this at the start of the traversal.  */
int lang_statement_iteration = 0;

/* Count times through one_lang_size_sections_pass after mark phase.  */
static int lang_sizing_iteration = 0;

/* Return TRUE if the PATTERN argument is a wildcard pattern.
   Although backslashes are treated specially if a pattern contains
   wildcards, we do not consider the mere presence of a backslash to
   be enough to cause the pattern to be treated as a wildcard.
   That lets us handle DOS filenames more naturally.  */
#define wildcardp(pattern) (strpbrk ((pattern), "?*[") != NULL)

#define new_stat(x, y) \
  (x##_type *) new_statement (x##_enum, sizeof (x##_type), y)

#define outside_section_address(q) \
  ((q)->output_offset + (q)->output_section->vma)

#define outside_symbol_address(q) \
  ((q)->value + outside_section_address (q->section))

/* CTF sections smaller than this are not compressed: compression of
   dictionaries this small doesn't gain much, and this lets consumers mmap the
   sections directly out of the ELF file and use them with no decompression
   overhead if they want to.  */
#define CTF_COMPRESSION_THRESHOLD 4096

void *
stat_alloc (size_t size)
{
  return obstack_alloc (&stat_obstack, size);
}

/* Code for handling simple wildcards without going through fnmatch,
   which can be expensive because of charset translations etc.  */

/* A simple wild is a literal string followed by a single '*',
   where the literal part is at least 4 characters long.  */

static bool
is_simple_wild (const char *name)
{
  size_t len = strcspn (name, "*?[");
  return len >= 4 && name[len] == '*' && name[len + 1] == '\0';
}

static bool
match_simple_wild (const char *pattern, const char *name)
{
  /* The first four characters of the pattern are guaranteed valid
     non-wildcard characters.  So we can go faster.  */
  if (pattern[0] != name[0] || pattern[1] != name[1]
      || pattern[2] != name[2] || pattern[3] != name[3])
    return false;

  pattern += 4;
  name += 4;
  while (*pattern != '*')
    if (*name++ != *pattern++)
      return false;

  return true;
}

static int
name_match (const char *pattern, const char *name)
{
  if (is_simple_wild (pattern))
    return !match_simple_wild (pattern, name);
  if (wildcardp (pattern))
    return fnmatch (pattern, name, 0);
  return strcmp (pattern, name);
}

/* Given an analyzed wildcard_spec SPEC, match it against NAME,
   returns zero on a match, non-zero if there's no match.  */

static int
spec_match (const struct wildcard_spec *spec, const char *name)
{
  size_t nl = spec->namelen;
  size_t pl = spec->prefixlen;
  size_t sl = spec->suffixlen;
  size_t inputlen = strlen (name);
  int r;

  if (pl)
    {
      if (inputlen < pl)
	return 1;

      r = memcmp (spec->name, name, pl);
      if (r)
	return r;
    }

  if (sl)
    {
      if (inputlen < sl)
	return 1;

      r = memcmp (spec->name + nl - sl, name + inputlen - sl, sl);
      if (r)
	return r;
    }

  if (nl == pl + sl + 1 && spec->name[pl] == '*')
    return 0;

  if (nl > pl)
    return fnmatch (spec->name + pl, name + pl, 0);

  if (inputlen >= nl)
    return name[nl];

  return 0;
}

static char *
ldirname (const char *name)
{
  const char *base = lbasename (name);
  char *dirname;

  while (base > name && IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (base[-1]))
    --base;
  if (base == name)
    return strdup (".");
  dirname = strdup (name);
  dirname[base - name] = '\0';
  return dirname;
}

/* If PATTERN is of the form archive:file, return a pointer to the
   separator.  If not, return NULL.  */

static char *
archive_path (const char *pattern)
{
  char *p = NULL;

  if (link_info.path_separator == 0)
    return p;

  p = strchr (pattern, link_info.path_separator);
#ifdef HAVE_DOS_BASED_FILE_SYSTEM
  if (p == NULL || link_info.path_separator != ':')
    return p;

  /* Assume a match on the second char is part of drive specifier,
     as in "c:\silly.dos".  */
  if (p == pattern + 1 && ISALPHA (*pattern))
    p = strchr (p + 1, link_info.path_separator);
#endif
  return p;
}

/* Given that FILE_SPEC results in a non-NULL SEP result from archive_path,
   return whether F matches FILE_SPEC.  */

static bool
input_statement_is_archive_path (const char *file_spec, char *sep,
				 lang_input_statement_type *f)
{
  bool match = false;

  if ((*(sep + 1) == 0
       || name_match (sep + 1, f->filename) == 0)
      && ((sep != file_spec)
	  == (f->the_bfd != NULL && f->the_bfd->my_archive != NULL)))
    {
      match = true;

      if (sep != file_spec)
	{
	  const char *aname = bfd_get_filename (f->the_bfd->my_archive);
	  *sep = 0;
	  match = name_match (file_spec, aname) == 0;
	  *sep = link_info.path_separator;
	}
    }
  return match;
}

static bool
unique_section_p (const asection *sec,
		  const lang_output_section_statement_type *os)
{
  struct unique_sections *unam;
  const char *secnam;

  if (!link_info.resolve_section_groups
      && sec->owner != NULL
      && bfd_is_group_section (sec->owner, sec))
    return !(os != NULL
	     && strcmp (os->name, DISCARD_SECTION_NAME) == 0);

  secnam = sec->name;
  for (unam = unique_section_list; unam; unam = unam->next)
    if (name_match (unam->name, secnam) == 0)
      return true;

  return false;
}

/* Generic traversal routines for finding matching sections.  */

/* Return true if FILE matches a pattern in EXCLUDE_LIST, otherwise return
   false.  */

static bool
walk_wild_file_in_exclude_list (struct name_list *exclude_list,
				lang_input_statement_type *file)
{
  struct name_list *list_tmp;

  for (list_tmp = exclude_list;
       list_tmp;
       list_tmp = list_tmp->next)
    {
      char *p = archive_path (list_tmp->name);

      if (p != NULL)
	{
	  if (input_statement_is_archive_path (list_tmp->name, p, file))
	    return true;
	}

      else if (name_match (list_tmp->name, file->filename) == 0)
	return true;

      /* FIXME: Perhaps remove the following at some stage?  Matching
	 unadorned archives like this was never documented and has
	 been superceded by the archive:path syntax.  */
      else if (file->the_bfd != NULL
	       && file->the_bfd->my_archive != NULL
	       && name_match (list_tmp->name,
			      bfd_get_filename (file->the_bfd->my_archive)) == 0)
	return true;
    }

  return false;
}

/* Add SECTION (from input FILE) to the list of matching sections
   within PTR (the matching wildcard is SEC).  */

static void
add_matching_section (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr,
		      struct wildcard_list *sec,
		      asection *section,
		      lang_input_statement_type *file)
{
  lang_input_matcher_type *new_section;
  /* Add a section reference to the list.  */
  new_section = new_stat (lang_input_matcher, &ptr->matching_sections);
  new_section->section = section;
  new_section->pattern = sec;
  new_section->input_stmt = file;
}

/* Process section S (from input file FILE) in relation to wildcard
   statement PTR.  We already know that a prefix of the name of S matches
   some wildcard in PTR's wildcard list.  Here we check if the filename
   matches as well (if it's specified) and if any of the wildcards in fact
   does match.  */

static void
walk_wild_section_match (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr,
			 lang_input_statement_type *file,
			 asection *s)
{
  struct wildcard_list *sec;
  const char *file_spec = ptr->filename;
  char *p;

  /* Check if filenames match.  */
  if (file_spec == NULL)
    ;
  else if ((p = archive_path (file_spec)) != NULL)
    {
      if (!input_statement_is_archive_path (file_spec, p, file))
	return;
    }
  else if (wildcardp (file_spec))
    {
      if (fnmatch (file_spec, file->filename, 0) != 0)
	return;
    }
  else
    {
      /* XXX Matching against non-wildcard filename in wild statements
	 was done by going through lookup_name, which uses
	 ->local_sym_name to compare against, not ->filename.  We retain
	 this behaviour even though the above code paths use filename.
	 It would be more logical to use it here as well, in which
	 case the above wildcard() arm could be folded into this by using
	 name_match.  This would also solve the worry of what to do
	 about unset local_sym_name (in which case lookup_name simply adds
	 the input file again).  */
      const char *filename = file->local_sym_name;
      lang_input_statement_type *arch_is;
      if (filename && filename_cmp (filename, file_spec) == 0)
	;
      /* FIXME: see also walk_wild_file_in_exclude_list for why we
	 also check parents BFD (local_sym_)name to match input statements
	 with unadorned archive names.  */
      else if (file->the_bfd
	       && file->the_bfd->my_archive
	       && (arch_is = bfd_usrdata (file->the_bfd->my_archive))
	       && arch_is->local_sym_name
	       && filename_cmp (arch_is->local_sym_name, file_spec) == 0)
	;
      else
	return;
    }

  /* If filename is excluded we're done.  */
  if (walk_wild_file_in_exclude_list (ptr->exclude_name_list, file))
    return;

  /* Check section name against each wildcard spec.  If there's no
     wildcard all sections match.  */
  sec = ptr->section_list;
  if (sec == NULL)
    add_matching_section (ptr, sec, s, file);
  else
    {
      const char *sname = bfd_section_name (s);
      for (; sec != NULL; sec = sec->next)
	{
	  if (sec->spec.name != NULL
	      && spec_match (&sec->spec, sname) != 0)
	    continue;

	  /* Don't process sections from files which were excluded.  */
	  if (!walk_wild_file_in_exclude_list (sec->spec.exclude_name_list,
					       file))
	    add_matching_section (ptr, sec, s, file);
	}
    }
}

/* Return the numerical value of the init_priority attribute from
   section name NAME.  */

static int
get_init_priority (const asection *sec)
{
  const char *name = bfd_section_name (sec);
  const char *dot;

  /* GCC uses the following section names for the init_priority
     attribute with numerical values 101 to 65535 inclusive. A
     lower value means a higher priority.

     1: .init_array.NNNNN/.fini_array.NNNNN: Where NNNNN is the
	decimal numerical value of the init_priority attribute.
	The order of execution in .init_array is forward and
	.fini_array is backward.
     2: .ctors.NNNNN/.dtors.NNNNN: Where NNNNN is 65535 minus the
	decimal numerical value of the init_priority attribute.
	The order of execution in .ctors is backward and .dtors
	is forward.

     .init_array.NNNNN sections would normally be placed in an output
     .init_array section, .fini_array.NNNNN in .fini_array,
     .ctors.NNNNN in .ctors, and .dtors.NNNNN in .dtors.  This means
     we should sort by increasing number (and could just use
     SORT_BY_NAME in scripts).  However if .ctors.NNNNN sections are
     being placed in .init_array (which may also contain
     .init_array.NNNNN sections) or .dtors.NNNNN sections are being
     placed in .fini_array then we need to extract the init_priority
     attribute and sort on that.  */
  dot = strrchr (name, '.');
  if (dot != NULL && ISDIGIT (dot[1]))
    {
      char *end;
      unsigned long init_priority = strtoul (dot + 1, &end, 10);
      if (*end == 0)
	{
	  if (dot == name + 6
	      && (strncmp (name, ".ctors", 6) == 0
		  || strncmp (name, ".dtors", 6) == 0))
	    init_priority = 65535 - init_priority;
	  if (init_priority <= INT_MAX)
	    return init_priority;
	}
    }
  return -1;
}

/* Compare sections ASEC and BSEC according to SORT.  */

static int
compare_section (sort_type sort, asection *asec, asection *bsec, bool reversed)
{
  int ret;
  int a_priority, b_priority;

  switch (sort)
    {
    default:
      abort ();

    case by_init_priority:
      a_priority = get_init_priority (asec);
      b_priority = get_init_priority (bsec);
      if (a_priority < 0 || b_priority < 0)
	goto sort_by_name;
      if (reversed)
	ret = b_priority - a_priority;
      else
	ret = a_priority - b_priority;
      if (ret)
	break;
      else
	goto sort_by_name;

    case by_alignment_name:
      ret = bfd_section_alignment (bsec) - bfd_section_alignment (asec);
      if (ret)
	break;
      /* Fall through.  */

    case by_name:
    sort_by_name:
      if (reversed)
	ret = strcmp (bfd_section_name (bsec), bfd_section_name (asec));
      else
	ret = strcmp (bfd_section_name (asec), bfd_section_name (bsec));
      break;

    case by_name_alignment:
      if (reversed)
	ret = strcmp (bfd_section_name (bsec), bfd_section_name (asec));
      else
	ret = strcmp (bfd_section_name (asec), bfd_section_name (bsec));
      if (ret)
	break;
      /* Fall through.  */

    case by_alignment:
      ret = bfd_section_alignment (bsec) - bfd_section_alignment (asec);
      break;
    }

  return ret;
}

/* PE puts the sort key in the input statement.  */

static const char *
sort_filename (bfd *abfd)
{
  lang_input_statement_type *is = bfd_usrdata (abfd);
  if (is->sort_key)
    return is->sort_key;
  return bfd_get_filename (abfd);
}

/* Handle wildcard sorting.  This returns the place in a binary search tree
   where this FILE:SECTION should be inserted for wild statement WILD where
   the spec SEC was the matching one.  The tree is later linearized.  */

static lang_section_bst_type **
wild_sort (lang_wild_statement_type *wild,
	   struct wildcard_list *sec,
	   lang_input_statement_type *file,
	   asection *section)
{
  lang_section_bst_type **tree;

  if (!wild->filenames_sorted
      && (sec == NULL || sec->spec.sorted == none
	  || sec->spec.sorted == by_none))
    {
      /* We might be called even if _this_ spec doesn't need sorting,
         in which case we simply append at the right end of tree.  */
      return wild->rightmost;
    }

  tree = &wild->tree;
  while (*tree)
    {
      /* Sorting by filename takes precedence over sorting by section
	 name.  */

      if (wild->filenames_sorted)
	{
	  const char *fn, *ln;
	  bool fa, la;
	  int i;
	  asection *lsec = (*tree)->section;

	  /* The PE support for the .idata section as generated by
	     dlltool assumes that files will be sorted by the name of
	     the archive and then the name of the file within the
	     archive.  */

	  fa = file->the_bfd->my_archive != NULL;
	  if (fa)
	    fn = sort_filename (file->the_bfd->my_archive);
	  else
	    fn = sort_filename (file->the_bfd);

	  la = lsec->owner->my_archive != NULL;
	  if (la)
	    ln = sort_filename (lsec->owner->my_archive);
	  else
	    ln = sort_filename (lsec->owner);

	  if (wild->filenames_reversed)
	    i = filename_cmp (ln, fn);
	  else
	    i = filename_cmp (fn, ln);

	  if (i > 0)
	    { tree = &((*tree)->right); continue; }
	  else if (i < 0)
	    { tree = &((*tree)->left); continue; }

	  if (fa || la)
	    {
	      if (fa)
		fn = sort_filename (file->the_bfd);
	      if (la)
		ln = sort_filename (lsec->owner);

	      if (wild->filenames_reversed)
		i = filename_cmp (ln, fn);
	      else
		i = filename_cmp (fn, ln);
	      
	      if (i > 0)
		{ tree = &((*tree)->right); continue; }
	      else if (i < 0)
		{ tree = &((*tree)->left); continue; }
	    }
	}

      /* Here either the files are not sorted by name, or we are
	 looking at the sections for this file.  */

      /* Find the correct node to append this section.  */
      if (sec && sec->spec.sorted != none && sec->spec.sorted != by_none
	  && compare_section (sec->spec.sorted, section, (*tree)->section, sec->spec.reversed) < 0)
	tree = &((*tree)->left);
      else
	tree = &((*tree)->right);
    }

  return tree;
}

/* Use wild_sort to build a BST to sort sections.  */

static void
output_section_callback_sort (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr,
			      struct wildcard_list *sec,
			      asection *section,
			      lang_input_statement_type *file,
			      void *output)
{
  lang_section_bst_type *node;
  lang_section_bst_type **tree;
  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;

  os = (lang_output_section_statement_type *) output;

  if (unique_section_p (section, os))
    return;

  /* Don't add sections to the tree when we already know that
     lang_add_section won't do anything with it.  */
  if (wont_add_section_p (section, os))
    return;

  node = (lang_section_bst_type *) xmalloc (sizeof (lang_section_bst_type));
  node->left = 0;
  node->right = 0;
  node->section = section;
  node->pattern = ptr->section_list;

  tree = wild_sort (ptr, sec, file, section);
  if (tree != NULL)
    {
      *tree = node;
      if (tree == ptr->rightmost)
	ptr->rightmost = &node->right;
    }
}

/* Convert a sorted sections' BST back to list form.  */

static void
output_section_callback_tree_to_list (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr,
				      lang_section_bst_type *tree,
				      void *output)
{
  if (tree->left)
    output_section_callback_tree_to_list (ptr, tree->left, output);

  lang_add_section (&ptr->children, tree->section, tree->pattern,
		    ptr->section_flag_list,
		    (lang_output_section_statement_type *) output);

  if (tree->right)
    output_section_callback_tree_to_list (ptr, tree->right, output);

  free (tree);
}


/* Sections are matched against wildcard statements via a prefix tree.
   The prefix tree holds prefixes of all matching patterns (up to the first
   wildcard character), and the wild statement from which those patterns
   came.  When matching a section name against the tree we're walking through
   the tree character by character.  Each statement we hit is one that
   potentially matches.  This is checked by actually going through the
   (glob) matching routines.

   When the section name turns out to actually match we record that section
   in the wild statements list of matching sections.  */

/* A prefix can be matched by multiple statement, so we need a list of them.  */
struct wild_stmt_list
{
  lang_wild_statement_type *stmt;
  struct wild_stmt_list *next;
};

/* The prefix tree itself.  */
struct prefixtree
{
  /* The list of all children (linked via .next).  */
  struct prefixtree *child;
  struct prefixtree *next;
  /* This tree node is responsible for the prefix of parent plus 'c'.  */
  char c;
  /* The statements that potentially can match this prefix.  */
  struct wild_stmt_list *stmt;
};

/* We always have a root node in the prefix tree.  It corresponds to the
   empty prefix.  E.g. a glob like "*" would sit in this root.  */
static struct prefixtree the_root, *ptroot = &the_root;

/* Given a prefix tree in *TREE, corresponding to prefix P, find or
   INSERT the tree node corresponding to prefix P+C.  */

static struct prefixtree *
get_prefix_tree (struct prefixtree **tree, char c, bool insert)
{
  struct prefixtree *t;
  for (t = *tree; t; t = t->next)
    if (t->c == c)
      return t;
  if (!insert)
    return NULL;
  t = (struct prefixtree *) obstack_alloc (&pt_obstack, sizeof *t);
  t->child = NULL;
  t->next = *tree;
  t->c = c;
  t->stmt = NULL;
  *tree = t;
  return t;
}

/* Add STMT to the set of statements that can be matched by the prefix
   corresponding to prefix tree T.  */

static void
pt_add_stmt (struct prefixtree *t, lang_wild_statement_type *stmt)
{
  struct wild_stmt_list *sl, **psl;
  sl = (struct wild_stmt_list *) obstack_alloc (&pt_obstack, sizeof *sl);
  sl->stmt = stmt;
  sl->next = NULL;
  psl = &t->stmt;
  while (*psl)
    psl = &(*psl)->next;
  *psl = sl;
}

/* Insert STMT into the global prefix tree.  */

static void
insert_prefix_tree (lang_wild_statement_type *stmt)
{
  struct wildcard_list *sec;
  struct prefixtree *t;

  if (!stmt->section_list)
    {
      /* If we have no section_list (no wildcards in the wild STMT),
	 then every section name will match, so add this to the root.  */
      pt_add_stmt (ptroot, stmt);
      return;
    }

  for (sec = stmt->section_list; sec; sec = sec->next)
    {
      const char *name = sec->spec.name ? sec->spec.name : "*";
      char c;
      t = ptroot;
      for (; (c = *name); name++)
	{
	  if (c == '*' || c == '[' || c == '?')
	    break;
	  t = get_prefix_tree (&t->child, c, true);
	}
      /* If we hit a glob character, the matching prefix is what we saw
	 until now.  If we hit the end of pattern (hence it's no glob) then
	 we can do better: we only need to record a match when a section name
	 completely matches, not merely a prefix, so record the trailing 0
	 as well.  */
      if (!c)
	t = get_prefix_tree (&t->child, 0, true);
      pt_add_stmt (t, stmt);
    }
}

/* Dump T indented by INDENT spaces.  */

static void
debug_prefix_tree_rec (struct prefixtree *t, int indent)
{
  for (; t; t = t->next)
    {
      struct wild_stmt_list *sl;
      printf ("%*s %c", indent, "", t->c);
      for (sl = t->stmt; sl; sl = sl->next)
	{
	  struct wildcard_list *curr;
	  printf (" %p ", sl->stmt);
	  for (curr = sl->stmt->section_list; curr; curr = curr->next)
	    printf ("%s ", curr->spec.name ? curr->spec.name : "*");
	}
      printf ("\n");
      debug_prefix_tree_rec (t->child, indent + 2);
    }
}

/* Dump the global prefix tree.  */

static void
debug_prefix_tree (void)
{
  debug_prefix_tree_rec (ptroot, 2);
}

/* Like strcspn() but start to look from the end to beginning of
   S.  Returns the length of the suffix of S consisting entirely
   of characters not in REJECT.  */

static size_t
rstrcspn (const char *s, const char *reject)
{
  size_t len = strlen (s), sufflen = 0;
  while (len--)
    {
      char c = s[len];
      if (strchr (reject, c) != 0)
	break;
      sufflen++;
    }
  return sufflen;
}

/* Analyze the wildcards in wild statement PTR to setup various
   things for quick matching.  */

static void
analyze_walk_wild_section_handler (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr)
{
  struct wildcard_list *sec;

  ptr->tree = NULL;
  ptr->rightmost = &ptr->tree;

  for (sec = ptr->section_list; sec != NULL; sec = sec->next)
    {
      if (sec->spec.name)
	{
	  sec->spec.namelen = strlen (sec->spec.name);
	  sec->spec.prefixlen = strcspn (sec->spec.name, "?*[");
	  sec->spec.suffixlen = rstrcspn (sec->spec.name + sec->spec.prefixlen,
					  "?*]");
	}
      else
	sec->spec.namelen = sec->spec.prefixlen = sec->spec.suffixlen = 0;
    }

  insert_prefix_tree (ptr);
}

/* Match all sections from FILE against the global prefix tree,
   and record them into each wild statement that has a match.  */

static void
resolve_wild_sections (lang_input_statement_type *file)
{
  asection *s;

  if (file->flags.just_syms)
    return;

  for (s = file->the_bfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
    {
      const char *sname = bfd_section_name (s);
      char c = 1;
      struct prefixtree *t = ptroot;
      //printf (" YYY consider %s of %s\n", sname, file->the_bfd->filename);
      do
	{
	  if (t->stmt)
	    {
	      struct wild_stmt_list *sl;
	      for (sl = t->stmt; sl; sl = sl->next)
		{
		  walk_wild_section_match (sl->stmt, file, s);
		  //printf ("   ZZZ maybe place into %p\n", sl->stmt);
		}
	    }
	  if (!c)
	    break;
	  c = *sname++;
	  t = get_prefix_tree (&t->child, c, false);
	}
      while (t);
    }
}

/* Match all sections from all input files against the global prefix tree.  */

static void
resolve_wilds (void)
{
  LANG_FOR_EACH_INPUT_STATEMENT (f)
    {
      //printf("XXX   %s\n", f->filename);
      if (f->the_bfd == NULL
	  || !bfd_check_format (f->the_bfd, bfd_archive))
	resolve_wild_sections (f);
      else
	{
	  bfd *member;

	  /* This is an archive file.  We must map each member of the
	     archive separately.  */
	  member = bfd_openr_next_archived_file (f->the_bfd, NULL);
	  while (member != NULL)
	    {
	      /* When lookup_name is called, it will call the add_symbols
		 entry point for the archive.  For each element of the
		 archive which is included, BFD will call ldlang_add_file,
		 which will set the usrdata field of the member to the
		 lang_input_statement.  */
	      if (bfd_usrdata (member) != NULL)
		resolve_wild_sections (bfd_usrdata (member));

	      member = bfd_openr_next_archived_file (f->the_bfd, member);
	    }
	}
    }
}

/* For each input section that matches wild statement S calls
   CALLBACK with DATA.  */

static void
walk_wild (lang_wild_statement_type *s, callback_t callback, void *data)
{
  lang_statement_union_type *l;

  for (l = s->matching_sections.head; l; l = l->header.next)
    {
      (*callback) (s, l->input_matcher.pattern, l->input_matcher.section,
		   l->input_matcher.input_stmt, data);
    }
}

/* lang_for_each_statement walks the parse tree and calls the provided
   function for each node, except those inside output section statements
   with constraint set to -1.  */

void
lang_for_each_statement_worker (void (*func) (lang_statement_union_type *),
				lang_statement_union_type *s)
{
  for (; s != NULL; s = s->header.next)
    {
      func (s);

      switch (s->header.type)
	{
	case lang_constructors_statement_enum:
	  lang_for_each_statement_worker (func, constructor_list.head);
	  break;
	case lang_output_section_statement_enum:
	  if (s->output_section_statement.constraint != -1)
	    lang_for_each_statement_worker
	      (func, s->output_section_statement.children.head);
	  break;
	case lang_wild_statement_enum:
	  lang_for_each_statement_worker (func,
					  s->wild_statement.children.head);
	  break;
	case lang_group_statement_enum:
	  lang_for_each_statement_worker (func,
					  s->group_statement.children.head);
	  break;
	case lang_data_statement_enum:
	case lang_reloc_statement_enum:
	case lang_object_symbols_statement_enum:
	case lang_output_statement_enum:
	case lang_target_statement_enum:
	case lang_input_section_enum:
	case lang_input_statement_enum:
	case lang_assignment_statement_enum:
	case lang_padding_statement_enum:
	case lang_address_statement_enum:
	case lang_fill_statement_enum:
	case lang_insert_statement_enum:
	  break;
	default:
	  FAIL ();
	  break;
	}
    }
}

void
lang_for_each_statement (void (*func) (lang_statement_union_type *))
{
  lang_for_each_statement_worker (func, statement_list.head);
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

void
lang_list_init (lang_statement_list_type *list)
{
  list->head = NULL;
  list->tail = &list->head;
}

static void
lang_statement_append (lang_statement_list_type *list,
		       void *element,
		       void *field)
{
  *(list->tail) = element;
  list->tail = field;
}

void
push_stat_ptr (lang_statement_list_type *new_ptr)
{
  if (stat_save_ptr >= stat_save + sizeof (stat_save) / sizeof (stat_save[0]))
    abort ();
  *stat_save_ptr++ = stat_ptr;
  stat_ptr = new_ptr;
}

void
pop_stat_ptr (void)
{
  if (stat_save_ptr <= stat_save)
    abort ();
  stat_ptr = *--stat_save_ptr;
}

/* Build a new statement node for the parse tree.  */

static lang_statement_union_type *
new_statement (enum statement_enum type,
	       size_t size,
	       lang_statement_list_type *list)
{
  lang_statement_union_type *new_stmt;

  new_stmt = stat_alloc (size);
  new_stmt->header.type = type;
  new_stmt->header.next = NULL;
  lang_statement_append (list, new_stmt, &new_stmt->header.next);
  return new_stmt;
}

/* Build a new input file node for the language.  There are several
   ways in which we treat an input file, eg, we only look at symbols,
   or prefix it with a -l etc.

   We can be supplied with requests for input files more than once;
   they may, for example be split over several lines like foo.o(.text)
   foo.o(.data) etc, so when asked for a file we check that we haven't
   got it already so we don't duplicate the bfd.  */

static lang_input_statement_type *
new_afile (const char *name,
	   lang_input_file_enum_type file_type,
	   const char *target,
	   const char *from_filename)
{
  lang_input_statement_type *p;

  lang_has_input_file = true;

  /* PR 30632: It is OK for name to be NULL.  For example
     see the initialization of first_file in lang_init().  */
  if (name != NULL)
    {
      name = ldfile_possibly_remap_input (name);
      /* But if a name is remapped to NULL, it should be ignored.  */
      if (name == NULL)
	return NULL;
    }

  p = new_stat (lang_input_statement, stat_ptr);
  memset (&p->the_bfd, 0,
	  sizeof (*p) - offsetof (lang_input_statement_type, the_bfd));
  p->extra_search_path = NULL;
  p->target = target;
  p->flags.dynamic = input_flags.dynamic;
  p->flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_dynamic = input_flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_dynamic;
  p->flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_regular = input_flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_regular;
  p->flags.whole_archive = input_flags.whole_archive;
  p->flags.sysrooted = input_flags.sysrooted;
  p->sort_key = NULL;

  switch (file_type)
    {
    case lang_input_file_is_symbols_only_enum:
      p->filename = name;
      p->local_sym_name = name;
      p->flags.real = true;
      p->flags.just_syms = true;
      break;
    case lang_input_file_is_fake_enum:
      p->filename = name;
      p->local_sym_name = name;
      break;
    case lang_input_file_is_l_enum:
      if (name[0] == ':' && name[1] != '\0')
	{
	  p->filename = name + 1;
	  p->flags.full_name_provided = true;
	}
      else
	p->filename = name;
      p->local_sym_name = concat ("-l", name, (const char *) NULL);
      p->flags.maybe_archive = true;
      p->flags.real = true;
      p->flags.search_dirs = true;
      break;
    case lang_input_file_is_marker_enum:
      p->filename = name;
      p->local_sym_name = name;
      p->flags.search_dirs = true;
      break;
    case lang_input_file_is_search_file_enum:
      p->filename = name;
      p->local_sym_name = name;
      /* If name is a relative path, search the directory of the current linker
         script first. */
      if (from_filename && !IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH (name))
        p->extra_search_path = ldirname (from_filename);
      p->flags.real = true;
      p->flags.search_dirs = true;
      break;
    case lang_input_file_is_file_enum:
      p->filename = name;
      p->local_sym_name = name;
      p->flags.real = true;
      break;
    default:
      FAIL ();
    }

  lang_statement_append (&input_file_chain, p, &p->next_real_file);
  return p;
}

lang_input_statement_type *
lang_add_input_file (const char *name,
		     lang_input_file_enum_type file_type,
		     const char *target)
{
  if (name != NULL
      && (*name == '=' || startswith (name, "$SYSROOT")))
    {
      lang_input_statement_type *ret;
      char *sysrooted_name
	= concat (ld_sysroot,
		  name + (*name == '=' ? 1 : strlen ("$SYSROOT")),
		  (const char *) NULL);

      /* We've now forcibly prepended the sysroot, making the input
	 file independent of the context.  Therefore, temporarily
	 force a non-sysrooted context for this statement, so it won't
	 get the sysroot prepended again when opened.  (N.B. if it's a
	 script, any child nodes with input files starting with "/"
	 will be handled as "sysrooted" as they'll be found to be
	 within the sysroot subdirectory.)  */
      unsigned int outer_sysrooted = input_flags.sysrooted;
      input_flags.sysrooted = 0;
      ret = new_afile (sysrooted_name, file_type, target, NULL);
      input_flags.sysrooted = outer_sysrooted;
      return ret;
    }

  return new_afile (name, file_type, target, current_input_file);
}

struct out_section_hash_entry
{
  struct bfd_hash_entry root;
  lang_statement_union_type s;
};

/* The hash table.  */

static struct bfd_hash_table output_section_statement_table;

/* Support routines for the hash table used by lang_output_section_find,
   initialize the table, fill in an entry and remove the table.  */

static struct bfd_hash_entry *
output_section_statement_newfunc (struct bfd_hash_entry *entry,
				  struct bfd_hash_table *table,
				  const char *string)
{
  lang_output_section_statement_type **nextp;
  struct out_section_hash_entry *ret;

  if (entry == NULL)
    {
      entry = (struct bfd_hash_entry *) bfd_hash_allocate (table,
							   sizeof (*ret));
      if (entry == NULL)
	return entry;
    }

  entry = bfd_hash_newfunc (entry, table, string);
  if (entry == NULL)
    return entry;

  ret = (struct out_section_hash_entry *) entry;
  memset (&ret->s, 0, sizeof (ret->s));
  ret->s.header.type = lang_output_section_statement_enum;
  ret->s.output_section_statement.subsection_alignment = NULL;
  ret->s.output_section_statement.section_alignment = NULL;
  ret->s.output_section_statement.block_value = 1;
  lang_list_init (&ret->s.output_section_statement.children);
  lang_list_init (&ret->s.output_section_statement.sort_children);
  lang_statement_append (stat_ptr, &ret->s, &ret->s.header.next);

  /* For every output section statement added to the list, except the
     first one, lang_os_list.tail points to the "next"
     field of the last element of the list.  */
  if (lang_os_list.head != NULL)
    ret->s.output_section_statement.prev
      = ((lang_output_section_statement_type *)
	 ((char *) lang_os_list.tail
	  - offsetof (lang_output_section_statement_type, next)));

  /* GCC's strict aliasing rules prevent us from just casting the
     address, so we store the pointer in a variable and cast that
     instead.  */
  nextp = &ret->s.output_section_statement.next;
  lang_statement_append (&lang_os_list, &ret->s, nextp);
  return &ret->root;
}

static void
output_section_statement_table_init (void)
{
  if (!bfd_hash_table_init_n (&output_section_statement_table,
			      output_section_statement_newfunc,
			      sizeof (struct out_section_hash_entry),
			      61))
    einfo (_("%F%P: can not create hash table: %E\n"));
}

static void
output_section_statement_table_free (void)
{
  bfd_hash_table_free (&output_section_statement_table);
}

/* Build enough state so that the parser can build its tree.  */

void
lang_init (void)
{
  obstack_begin (&stat_obstack, 1000);
  obstack_init (&pt_obstack);

  stat_ptr = &statement_list;

  output_section_statement_table_init ();

  lang_list_init (stat_ptr);

  lang_list_init (&input_file_chain);
  lang_list_init (&lang_os_list);
  lang_list_init (&file_chain);
  first_file = lang_add_input_file (NULL, lang_input_file_is_marker_enum,
				    NULL);
  abs_output_section =
    lang_output_section_statement_lookup (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, 0, 1);

  abs_output_section->bfd_section = bfd_abs_section_ptr;

  asneeded_list_head = NULL;
  asneeded_list_tail = &asneeded_list_head;
}

void
lang_finish (void)
{
  output_section_statement_table_free ();
  ldfile_remap_input_free ();
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
  A region is an area of memory declared with the
  MEMORY {  name:org=exp, len=exp ... }
  syntax.

  We maintain a list of all the regions here.

  If no regions are specified in the script, then the default is used
  which is created when looked up to be the entire data space.

  If create is true we are creating a region inside a MEMORY block.
  In this case it is probably an error to create a region that has
  already been created.  If we are not inside a MEMORY block it is
  dubious to use an undeclared region name (except DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION)
  and so we issue a warning.

  Each region has at least one name.  The first name is either
  DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION or the name given in the MEMORY block.  You can add
  alias names to an existing region within a script with
  REGION_ALIAS (alias, region_name).  Each name corresponds to at most one
  region.  */

static lang_memory_region_type *lang_memory_region_list;
static lang_memory_region_type **lang_memory_region_list_tail
  = &lang_memory_region_list;

lang_memory_region_type *
lang_memory_region_lookup (const char *const name, bool create)
{
  lang_memory_region_name *n;
  lang_memory_region_type *r;
  lang_memory_region_type *new_region;

  /* NAME is NULL for LMA memspecs if no region was specified.  */
  if (name == NULL)
    return NULL;

  for (r = lang_memory_region_list; r != NULL; r = r->next)
    for (n = &r->name_list; n != NULL; n = n->next)
      if (strcmp (n->name, name) == 0)
	{
	  if (create)
	    einfo (_("%P:%pS: warning: redeclaration of memory region `%s'\n"),
		   NULL, name);
	  return r;
	}

  if (!create && strcmp (name, DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION))
    einfo (_("%P:%pS: warning: memory region `%s' not declared\n"),
	   NULL, name);

  new_region = stat_alloc (sizeof (lang_memory_region_type));

  new_region->name_list.name = xstrdup (name);
  new_region->name_list.next = NULL;
  new_region->next = NULL;
  new_region->origin_exp = NULL;
  new_region->origin = 0;
  new_region->length_exp = NULL;
  new_region->length = ~(bfd_size_type) 0;
  new_region->current = 0;
  new_region->last_os = NULL;
  new_region->flags = 0;
  new_region->not_flags = 0;
  new_region->had_full_message = false;

  *lang_memory_region_list_tail = new_region;
  lang_memory_region_list_tail = &new_region->next;

  return new_region;
}

void
lang_memory_region_alias (const char *alias, const char *region_name)
{
  lang_memory_region_name *n;
  lang_memory_region_type *r;
  lang_memory_region_type *region;

  /* The default region must be unique.  This ensures that it is not necessary
     to iterate through the name list if someone wants the check if a region is
     the default memory region.  */
  if (strcmp (region_name, DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION) == 0
      || strcmp (alias, DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION) == 0)
    einfo (_("%F%P:%pS: error: alias for default memory region\n"), NULL);

  /* Look for the target region and check if the alias is not already
     in use.  */
  region = NULL;
  for (r = lang_memory_region_list; r != NULL; r = r->next)
    for (n = &r->name_list; n != NULL; n = n->next)
      {
	if (region == NULL && strcmp (n->name, region_name) == 0)
	  region = r;
	if (strcmp (n->name, alias) == 0)
	  einfo (_("%F%P:%pS: error: redefinition of memory region "
		   "alias `%s'\n"),
		 NULL, alias);
      }

  /* Check if the target region exists.  */
  if (region == NULL)
    einfo (_("%F%P:%pS: error: memory region `%s' "
	     "for alias `%s' does not exist\n"),
	   NULL, region_name, alias);

  /* Add alias to region name list.  */
  n = stat_alloc (sizeof (lang_memory_region_name));
  n->name = xstrdup (alias);
  n->next = region->name_list.next;
  region->name_list.next = n;
}

static lang_memory_region_type *
lang_memory_default (asection *section)
{
  lang_memory_region_type *p;

  flagword sec_flags = section->flags;

  /* Override SEC_DATA to mean a writable section.  */
  if ((sec_flags & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_READONLY | SEC_CODE)) == SEC_ALLOC)
    sec_flags |= SEC_DATA;

  for (p = lang_memory_region_list; p != NULL; p = p->next)
    {
      if ((p->flags & sec_flags) != 0
	  && (p->not_flags & sec_flags) == 0)
	{
	  return p;
	}
    }
  return lang_memory_region_lookup (DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION, false);
}

/* Get the output section statement directly from the userdata.  */

lang_output_section_statement_type *
lang_output_section_get (const asection *output_section)
{
  return bfd_section_userdata (output_section);
}

/* Find or create an output_section_statement with the given NAME.
   If CONSTRAINT is non-zero match one with that constraint, otherwise
   match any non-negative constraint.  If CREATE is 0 return NULL when
   no match exists.  If CREATE is 1, create an output_section_statement
   when no match exists or if CONSTRAINT is SPECIAL.  If CREATE is 2,
   always make a new output_section_statement.  */

lang_output_section_statement_type *
lang_output_section_statement_lookup (const char *name,
				      int constraint,
				      int create)
{
  struct out_section_hash_entry *entry;

  entry = ((struct out_section_hash_entry *)
	   bfd_hash_lookup (&output_section_statement_table, name,
			    create != 0, false));
  if (entry == NULL)
    {
      if (create)
	einfo (_("%F%P: failed creating section `%s': %E\n"), name);
      return NULL;
    }

  if (entry->s.output_section_statement.name != NULL)
    {
      /* We have a section of this name, but it might not have the correct
	 constraint.  */
      struct out_section_hash_entry *last_ent;

      name = entry->s.output_section_statement.name;
      do
	{
	  if (create != 2
	      && !(create && constraint == SPECIAL)
	      && (constraint == entry->s.output_section_statement.constraint
		  || (constraint == 0
		      && entry->s.output_section_statement.constraint >= 0)))
	    return &entry->s.output_section_statement;
	  last_ent = entry;
	  entry = (struct out_section_hash_entry *) entry->root.next;
	}
      while (entry != NULL
	     && name == entry->s.output_section_statement.name);

      if (!create)
	return NULL;

      entry
	= ((struct out_section_hash_entry *)
	   output_section_statement_newfunc (NULL,
					     &output_section_statement_table,
					     name));
      if (entry == NULL)
	{
	  einfo (_("%F%P: failed creating section `%s': %E\n"), name);
	  return NULL;
	}
      entry->root = last_ent->root;
      last_ent->root.next = &entry->root;
    }

  entry->s.output_section_statement.name = name;
  entry->s.output_section_statement.constraint = constraint;
  entry->s.output_section_statement.dup_output = (create == 2
						  || constraint == SPECIAL);
  return &entry->s.output_section_statement;
}

/* Find the next output_section_statement with the same name as OS.
   If CONSTRAINT is non-zero, find one with that constraint otherwise
   match any non-negative constraint.  */

lang_output_section_statement_type *
next_matching_output_section_statement (lang_output_section_statement_type *os,
					int constraint)
{
  /* All output_section_statements are actually part of a
     struct out_section_hash_entry.  */
  struct out_section_hash_entry *entry = (struct out_section_hash_entry *)
    ((char *) os
     - offsetof (struct out_section_hash_entry, s.output_section_statement));
  const char *name = os->name;

  ASSERT (name == entry->root.string);
  do
    {
      entry = (struct out_section_hash_entry *) entry->root.next;
      if (entry == NULL
	  || name != entry->s.output_section_statement.name)
	return NULL;
    }
  while (constraint != entry->s.output_section_statement.constraint
	 && (constraint != 0
	     || entry->s.output_section_statement.constraint < 0));

  return &entry->s.output_section_statement;
}

/* A variant of lang_output_section_find used by place_orphan.
   Returns the output statement that should precede a new output
   statement for SEC.  If an exact match is found on certain flags,
   sets *EXACT too.  */

lang_output_section_statement_type *
lang_output_section_find_by_flags (const asection *sec,
				   flagword sec_flags,
				   lang_output_section_statement_type **exact,
				   lang_match_sec_type_func match_type)
{
  lang_output_section_statement_type *first, *look, *found;
  flagword look_flags, differ;

  /* We know the first statement on this list is *ABS*.  May as well
     skip it.  */
  first = (void *) lang_os_list.head;
  first = first->next;

  /* First try for an exact match.  */
  found = NULL;
  for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
    {
      look_flags = look->flags;
      if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	{
	  look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	  if (match_type && !match_type (link_info.output_bfd,
					 look->bfd_section,
					 sec->owner, sec))
	    continue;
	}
      differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
      if (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY
		      | SEC_CODE | SEC_SMALL_DATA | SEC_THREAD_LOCAL)))
	found = look;
    }
  if (found != NULL)
    {
      if (exact != NULL)
	*exact = found;
      return found;
    }

  if ((sec_flags & SEC_CODE) != 0
      && (sec_flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
    {
      /* Try for a rw code section.  */
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    {
	      look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	      if (match_type && !match_type (link_info.output_bfd,
					     look->bfd_section,
					     sec->owner, sec))
		continue;
	    }
	  differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
	  if (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD
			  | SEC_CODE | SEC_SMALL_DATA | SEC_THREAD_LOCAL)))
	    found = look;
	}
    }
  else if ((sec_flags & SEC_READONLY) != 0
	   && (sec_flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
    {
      /* .rodata can go after .text, .sdata2 after .rodata.  */
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    {
	      look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	      if (match_type && !match_type (link_info.output_bfd,
					     look->bfd_section,
					     sec->owner, sec))
		continue;
	    }
	  differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
	  if (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD
			  | SEC_READONLY | SEC_SMALL_DATA))
	      || (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD
			      | SEC_READONLY))
		  && !(look_flags & SEC_SMALL_DATA)))
	    found = look;
	}
    }
  else if ((sec_flags & SEC_THREAD_LOCAL) != 0
	   && (sec_flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
    {
      /* .tdata can go after .data, .tbss after .tdata.  Treat .tbss
	 as if it were a loaded section, and don't use match_type.  */
      bool seen_thread_local = false;

      match_type = NULL;
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;

	  differ = look_flags ^ (sec_flags | SEC_LOAD | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS);
	  if (!(differ & (SEC_THREAD_LOCAL | SEC_ALLOC)))
	    {
	      /* .tdata and .tbss must be adjacent and in that order.  */
	      if (!(look_flags & SEC_LOAD)
		  && (sec_flags & SEC_LOAD))
		/* ..so if we're at a .tbss section and we're placing
		   a .tdata section stop looking and return the
		   previous section.  */
		break;
	      found = look;
	      seen_thread_local = true;
	    }
	  else if (seen_thread_local)
	    break;
	  else if (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD)))
	    found = look;
	}
    }
  else if ((sec_flags & SEC_SMALL_DATA) != 0
	   && (sec_flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
    {
      /* .sdata goes after .data, .sbss after .sdata.  */
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    {
	      look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	      if (match_type && !match_type (link_info.output_bfd,
					     look->bfd_section,
					     sec->owner, sec))
		continue;
	    }
	  differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
	  if (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD
			  | SEC_THREAD_LOCAL))
	      || ((look_flags & SEC_SMALL_DATA)
		  && !(sec_flags & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS)))
	    found = look;
	}
    }
  else if ((sec_flags & SEC_HAS_CONTENTS) != 0
	   && (sec_flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
    {
      /* .data goes after .rodata.  */
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    {
	      look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	      if (match_type && !match_type (link_info.output_bfd,
					     look->bfd_section,
					     sec->owner, sec))
		continue;
	    }
	  differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
	  if (!(differ & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD
			  | SEC_SMALL_DATA | SEC_THREAD_LOCAL)))
	    found = look;
	}
    }
  else if ((sec_flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
    {
      /* .bss goes after any other alloc section.  */
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    {
	      look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	      if (match_type && !match_type (link_info.output_bfd,
					     look->bfd_section,
					     sec->owner, sec))
		continue;
	    }
	  differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
	  if (!(differ & SEC_ALLOC))
	    found = look;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      /* non-alloc go last.  */
      for (look = first; look; look = look->next)
	{
	  look_flags = look->flags;
	  if (look->bfd_section != NULL)
	    look_flags = look->bfd_section->flags;
	  differ = look_flags ^ sec_flags;
	  if (!(differ & SEC_DEBUGGING))
	    found = look;
	}
      return found;
    }

  if (found || !match_type)
    return found;

  return lang_output_section_find_by_flags (sec, sec_flags, NULL, NULL);
}

/* Find the last output section before given output statement.
   Used by place_orphan.  */

static asection *
output_prev_sec_find (lang_output_section_statement_type *os)
{
  lang_output_section_statement_type *lookup;

  for (lookup = os->prev; lookup != NULL; lookup = lookup->prev)
    {
      if (lookup->constraint < 0)
	continue;

      if (lookup->bfd_section != NULL)
	return lookup->bfd_section;
    }

  return NULL;
}

/* Look for a suitable place for a new output section statement.  The
   idea is to skip over anything that might be inside a SECTIONS {}
   statement in a script, before we find another output section
   statement.  Assignments to "dot" before an output section statement
   are assumed to belong to it, except in two cases;  The first
   assignment to dot, and assignments before non-alloc sections.
   Otherwise we might put an orphan before . = . + SIZEOF_HEADERS or
   similar assignments that set the initial address, or we might
   insert non-alloc note sections among assignments setting end of
   image symbols.  */

static lang_statement_union_type **
insert_os_after (lang_statement_union_type *after)
{
  lang_statement_union_type **where;
  lang_statement_union_type **assign = NULL;
  bool ignore_first;

  ignore_first = after == lang_os_list.head;

  for (where = &after->header.next;
       *where != NULL;
       where = &(*where)->header.next)
    {
      switch ((*where)->header.type)
	{
	case lang_assignment_statement_enum:
	  if (assign == NULL)
	    {
	      lang_assignment_statement_type *ass;

	      ass = &(*where)->assignment_statement;
	      if (ass->exp->type.node_class != etree_assert
		  && ass->exp->assign.dst[0] == '.'
		  && ass->exp->assign.dst[1] == 0)
		{
		  if (!ignore_first)
		    assign = where;
		  ignore_first = false;
		}
	    }
	  continue;
	case lang_wild_statement_enum:
	case lang_input_section_enum:
	case lang_object_symbols_statement_enum:
	case lang_fill_statement_enum:
	case lang_data_statement_enum:
	case lang_reloc_statement_enum:
	case lang_padding_statement_enum:
	case lang_constructors_statement_enum:
	  assign = NULL;
	  ignore_first = false;
	  continue;
	case lang_output_section_statement_enum:
	  if (assign != NULL)
	    {
	      asection *s = (*where)->output_section_statement.bfd_section;

	      if (s == NULL
		  || s->map_head.s == NULL
		  || (s->flags & SEC_ALLOC) != 0)
		where = assign;
	    }
	  break;
	case lang_input_statement_enum:
	case lang_address_statement_enum:
	case lang_target_statement_enum:
	case lang_output_statement_enum:
	case lang_group_statement_enum:
	case lang_insert_statement_enum:
	  continue;
	case lang_input_matcher_enum:
	  FAIL ();
	}
      break;
    }

  return where;
}

lang_output_section_statement_type *
lang_insert_orphan (asection *s,
		    const char *secname,
		    int constraint,
		    lang_output_section_statement_type *after,
		    struct orphan_save *place,
		    etree_type *address,
		    lang_statement_list_type *add_child)
{
  lang_statement_list_type add;
  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;
  lang_output_section_statement_type **os_tail;

  /* If we have found an appropriate place for the output section
     statements for this orphan, add them to our own private list,
     inserting them later into the global statement list.  */
  if (after != NULL)
    {
      lang_list_init (&add);
      push_stat_ptr (&add);
    }

  if (bfd_link_relocatable (&link_info)
      || (s->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0)
    address = exp_intop (0);

  os_tail = (lang_output_section_statement_type **) lang_os_list.tail;
  os = lang_enter_output_section_statement (
      secname, address, normal_section, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, constraint, 0);

  if (add_child == NULL)
    add_child = &os->children;
  lang_add_section (add_child, s, NULL, NULL, os);

  if (after && (s->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) != 0)
    {
      const char *region = (after->region
			    ? after->region->name_list.name
			    : DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION);
      const char *lma_region = (after->lma_region
				? after->lma_region->name_list.name
				: NULL);
      lang_leave_output_section_statement (NULL, region, after->phdrs,
					   lma_region);
    }
  else
    lang_leave_output_section_statement (NULL, DEFAULT_MEMORY_REGION, NULL,
					 NULL);

  /* Restore the global list pointer.  */
  if (after != NULL)
    pop_stat_ptr ();

  if (after != NULL && os->bfd_section != NULL)
    {
      asection *snew, *as;
      bool place_after = place->stmt == NULL;
      bool insert_after = true;

      snew = os->bfd_section;

      /* Shuffle the bfd section list to make the output file look
	 neater.  This is really only cosmetic.  */
      if (place->section == NULL
	  && after != (void *) lang_os_list.head)
	{
	  asection *bfd_section = after->bfd_section;

	  /* If the output statement hasn't been used to place any input
	     sections (and thus doesn't have an output bfd_section),
	     look for the closest prior output statement having an
	     output section.  */
	  if (bfd_section == NULL)
	    bfd_section = output_prev_sec_find (after);

	  if (bfd_section != NULL
	      && bfd_section->owner != NULL
	      && bfd_section != snew)
	    place->section = &bfd_section->next;
	}

      if (place->section == NULL)
	place->section = &link_info.output_bfd->sections;

      as = *place->section;

      if (!as)
	{
	  /* Put the section at the end of the list.  */

	  /* Unlink the section.  */
	  bfd_section_list_remove (link_info.output_bfd, snew);

	  /* Now tack it back on in the right place.  */
	  bfd_section_list_append (link_info.output_bfd, snew);
	}
      else if ((bfd_get_flavour (link_info.output_bfd)
		== bfd_target_elf_flavour)
	       && (bfd_get_flavour (s->owner)
		   == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
	       && ((elf_section_type (s) == SHT_NOTE
		    && (s->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)
		   || (elf_section_type (as) == SHT_NOTE
		       && (as->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)))
	{
	  /* Make sure that output note sections are grouped and sorted
	     by alignments when inserting a note section or insert a
	     section after a note section,  */
	  asection *sec;
	  /* A specific section after which the output note section
	     should be placed.  */
	  asection *after_sec;
	  /* True if we need to insert the orphan section after a
	     specific section to maintain output note section order.  */
	  bool after_sec_note = false;

	  static asection *first_orphan_note = NULL;

	  /* Group and sort output note section by alignments in
	     ascending order.  */
	  after_sec = NULL;
	  if (elf_section_type (s) == SHT_NOTE
	      && (s->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)
	    {
	      /* Search from the beginning for the last output note
		 section with equal or larger alignments.  NB: Don't
		 place orphan note section after non-note sections.  */

	      first_orphan_note = NULL;
	      for (sec = link_info.output_bfd->sections;
		   (sec != NULL
		    && !bfd_is_abs_section (sec));
		   sec = sec->next)
		if (sec != snew
		    && elf_section_type (sec) == SHT_NOTE
		    && (sec->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)
		  {
		    if (!first_orphan_note)
		      first_orphan_note = sec;
		    if (sec->alignment_power >= s->alignment_power)
		      after_sec = sec;
		  }
		else if (first_orphan_note)
		  {
		    /* Stop if there is non-note section after the first
		       orphan note section.  */
		    break;
		  }

	      /* If this will be the first orphan note section, it can
		 be placed at the default location.  */
	      after_sec_note = first_orphan_note != NULL;
	      if (after_sec == NULL && after_sec_note)
		{
		  /* If all output note sections have smaller
		     alignments, place the section before all
		     output orphan note sections.  */
		  after_sec = first_orphan_note;
		  insert_after = false;
		}
	    }
	  else if (first_orphan_note)
	    {
	      /* Don't place non-note sections in the middle of orphan
	         note sections.  */
	      after_sec_note = true;
	      after_sec = as;
	      for (sec = as->next;
		   (sec != NULL
		    && !bfd_is_abs_section (sec));
		   sec = sec->next)
		if (elf_section_type (sec) == SHT_NOTE
		    && (sec->flags & SEC_LOAD) != 0)
		  after_sec = sec;
	    }

	  if (after_sec_note)
	    {
	      if (after_sec)
		{
		  /* Search forward to insert OS after AFTER_SEC output
		     statement.  */
		  lang_output_section_statement_type *stmt, *next;
		  bool found = false;
		  for (stmt = after; stmt != NULL; stmt = next)
		    {
		      next = stmt->next;
		      if (insert_after)
			{
			  if (stmt->bfd_section == after_sec)
			    {
			      place_after = true;
			      found = true;
			      after = stmt;
			      break;
			    }
			}
		      else
			{
			  /* If INSERT_AFTER is FALSE, place OS before
			     AFTER_SEC output statement.  */
			  if (next && next->bfd_section == after_sec)
			    {
			      place_after = true;
			      found = true;
			      after = stmt;
			      break;
			    }
			}
		    }

		  /* Search backward to insert OS after AFTER_SEC output
		     statement.  */
		  if (!found)
		    for (stmt = after; stmt != NULL; stmt = stmt->prev)
		      {
			if (insert_after)
			  {
			    if (stmt->bfd_section == after_sec)
			      {
				place_after = true;
				after = stmt;
				break;
			      }
			  }
			else
			  {
			    /* If INSERT_AFTER is FALSE, place OS before
			       AFTER_SEC output statement.  */
			    if (stmt->next->bfd_section == after_sec)
			      {
				place_after = true;
				after = stmt;
				break;
			      }
			  }
		      }
		}

	      if (after_sec == NULL
		  || (insert_after && after_sec->next != snew)
		  || (!insert_after && after_sec->prev != snew))
		{
		  /* Unlink the section.  */
		  bfd_section_list_remove (link_info.output_bfd, snew);

		  /* Place SNEW after AFTER_SEC.  If AFTER_SEC is NULL,
		     prepend SNEW.  */
		  if (after_sec)
		    {
		      if (insert_after)
			bfd_section_list_insert_after (link_info.output_bfd,
						       after_sec, snew);
		      else
			bfd_section_list_insert_before (link_info.output_bfd,
						       after_sec, snew);
		    }
		  else
		    bfd_section_list_prepend (link_info.output_bfd, snew);
		}
	    }
	  else if (as != snew && as->prev != snew)
	    {
	      /* Unlink the section.  */
	      bfd_section_list_remove (link_info.output_bfd, snew);

	      /* Now tack it back on in the right place.  */
	      bfd_section_list_insert_before (link_info.output_bfd,
					      as, snew);
	    }
	}
      else if (as != snew && as->prev != snew)
	{
	  /* Unlink the section.  */
	  bfd_section_list_remove (link_info.output_bfd, snew);

	  /* Now tack it back on in the right place.  */
	  bfd_section_list_insert_before (link_info.output_bfd, as, snew);
	}

      /* Save the end of this list.  Further ophans of this type will
	 follow the one we've just added.  */
      place->section = &snew->next;

      /* The following is non-cosmetic.  We try to put the output
	 statements in some sort of reasonable order here, because they
	 determine the final load addresses of the orphan sections.
	 In addition, placing output statements in the wrong order may
	 require extra segments.  For instance, given a typical
	 situation of all read-only sections placed in one segment and
	 following that a segment containing all the read-write
	 sections, we wouldn't want to place an orphan read/write
	 section before or amongst the read-only ones.  */
      if (add.head != NULL)
	{
	  lang_output_section_statement_type *newly_added_os;

	  /* Place OS after AFTER if AFTER_NOTE is TRUE.  */
	  if (place_after)
	    {
	      lang_statement_union_type **where;

	      where = insert_os_after ((lang_statement_union_type *) after);
	      *add.tail = *where;
	      *where = add.head;

	      place->os_tail = &after->next;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      /* Put it after the last orphan statement we added.  */
	      *add.tail = *place->stmt;
	      *place->stmt = add.head;
	    }

	  /* Fix the global list pointer if we happened to tack our
	     new list at the tail.  */
	  if (*stat_ptr->tail == add.head)
	    stat_ptr->tail = add.tail;

	  /* Save the end of this list.  */
	  place->stmt = add.tail;

	  /* Do the same for the list of output section statements.  */
	  newly_added_os = *os_tail;
	  *os_tail = NULL;
	  newly_added_os->prev = (lang_output_section_statement_type *)
	    ((char *) place->os_tail
	     - offsetof (lang_output_section_statement_type, next));
	  newly_added_os->next = *place->os_tail;
	  if (newly_added_os->next != NULL)
	    newly_added_os->next->prev = newly_added_os;
	  *place->os_tail = newly_added_os;
	  place->os_tail = &newly_added_os->next;

	  /* Fixing the global list pointer here is a little different.
	     We added to the list in lang_enter_output_section_statement,
	     trimmed off the new output_section_statment above when
	     assigning *os_tail = NULL, but possibly added it back in
	     the same place when assigning *place->os_tail.  */
	  if (*os_tail == NULL)
	    lang_os_list.tail = (lang_statement_union_type **) os_tail;
	}
    }
  return os;
}

static void
lang_print_asneeded (void)
{
  struct asneeded_minfo *m;

  if (asneeded_list_head == NULL)
    return;

  minfo (_("\nAs-needed library included to satisfy reference by file (symbol)\n\n"));

  for (m = asneeded_list_head; m != NULL; m = m->next)
    {
      int len;

      minfo ("%s", m->soname);
      len = strlen (m->soname);

      if (len >= 29)
	{
	  print_nl ();
	  len = 0;
	}
      print_spaces (30 - len);

      if (m->ref != NULL)
	minfo ("%pB ", m->ref);
      minfo ("(%pT)\n", m->name);
    }
}

static void
lang_map_flags (flagword flag)
{
  if (flag & SEC_ALLOC)
    minfo ("a");

  if (flag & SEC_CODE)
    minfo ("x");

  if (flag & SEC_READONLY)
    minfo ("r");

  if (flag & SEC_DATA)
    minfo ("w");

  if (flag & SEC_LOAD)
    minfo ("l");
}

void
lang_map (void)
{
  lang_memory_region_type *m;
  bool dis_header_printed = false;

  ldfile_print_input_remaps ();

  LANG_FOR_EACH_INPUT_STATEMENT (file)
    {
      asection *s;

      if ((file->the_bfd->flags & (BFD_LINKER_CREATED | DYNAMIC)) != 0
	  || file->flags.just_syms)
	continue;

      if (config.print_map_discarded)
	for (s = file->the_bfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
	  if ((s->output_section == NULL
	       || s->output_section->owner != link_info.output_bfd)
	      && (s->flags & (SEC_LINKER_CREATED | SEC_KEEP)) == 0)
	    {
	      if (! dis_header_printed)
		{
		  minfo (_("\nDiscarded input sections\n\n"));
		  dis_header_printed = true;
		}

	      print_input_section (s, true);
	    }
    }
  if (config.print_map_discarded && ! dis_header_printed)
    minfo (_("\nThere are no discarded input sections\n"));

  minfo (_("\nMemory Configuration\n\n"));
  fprintf (config.map_file, "%-16s %-18s %-18s %s\n",
	   _("Name"), _("Origin"), _("Length"), _("Attributes"));

  for (m = lang_memory_region_list; m != NULL; m = m->next)
    {
      fprintf (config.map_file, "%-16s", m->name_list.name);

      char buf[32];
      bfd_sprintf_vma (link_info.output_bfd, buf, m->origin);
      fprintf (config.map_file, " 0x%-16s", buf);
      bfd_sprintf_vma (link_info.output_bfd, buf, m->length);
      fprintf (config.map_file,
	       " 0x%*s", m->flags || m->not_flags ? -17 : 0, buf);
      if (m->flags)
	lang_map_flags (m->flags);

      if (m->not_flags)
	{
	  minfo ("!");
	  lang_map_flags (m->not_flags);
	}

      print_nl ();
    }

  minfo (_("\nLinker script and memory map\n\n"));

  if (!link_info.reduce_memory_overheads)
    {
      obstack_begin (&map_obstack, 1000);
      bfd_link_hash_traverse (link_info.hash, sort_def_symbol, 0);
    }
  expld.phase = lang_fixed_phase_enum;
  lang_statement_iteration++;
  print_statements ();

  ldemul_extra_map_file_text (link_info.output_bfd, &link_info,
			      config.map_file);
}

static bool
sort_def_symbol (struct bfd_link_hash_entry *hash_entry,
		 void *info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
  if ((hash_entry->type == bfd_link_hash_defined
       || hash_entry->type == bfd_link_hash_defweak)
      && hash_entry->u.def.section->owner != link_info.output_bfd
      && hash_entry->u.def.section->owner != NULL)
    {
      input_section_userdata_type *ud;
      struct map_symbol_def *def;

      ud = bfd_section_userdata (hash_entry->u.def.section);
      if (!ud)
	{
	  ud = stat_alloc (sizeof (*ud));
	  bfd_set_section_userdata (hash_entry->u.def.section, ud);
	  ud->map_symbol_def_tail = &ud->map_symbol_def_head;
	  ud->map_symbol_def_count = 0;
	}
      else if (!ud->map_symbol_def_tail)
	ud->map_symbol_def_tail = &ud->map_symbol_def_head;

      def = (struct map_symbol_def *) obstack_alloc (&map_obstack, sizeof *def);
      def->entry = hash_entry;
      *(ud->map_symbol_def_tail) = def;
      ud->map_symbol_def_tail = &def->next;
      ud->map_symbol_def_count++;
    }
  return true;
}

/* Initialize an output section.  */

static void
init_os (lang_output_section_statement_type *s, flagword flags)
{
  if (strcmp (s->name, DISCARD_SECTION_NAME) == 0)
    einfo (_("%F%P: illegal use of `%s' section\n"), DISCARD_SECTION_NAME);

  if (!s->dup_output)
    s->bfd_section = bfd_get_section_by_name (link_info.output_bfd, s->name);
  if (s->bfd_section == NULL)
    s->bfd_section = bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (link_info.output_bfd,
							 s->name, flags);
  if (s->bfd_section == NULL)
    {
      einfo (_("%F%P: output format %s cannot represent section"
	       " called %s: %E\n"),
	     link_info.output_bfd->xvec->name, s->name);
    }
  s->bfd_section->output_section = s->bfd_section;
  s->bfd_section->output_offset = 0;

  /* Set the userdata of the output section to the output section
     statement to avoid lookup.  */
  bfd_set_section_userdata (s->bfd_section, s);

  /* If there is a base address, make sure that any sections it might
     mention are initialized.  */
  if (s->addr_tree != NULL)
    exp_init_os (s->addr_tree);

  if (s->load_base != NULL)
    exp_init_os (s->load_base);

  /* If supplied an alignment, set it.  */
  if (s->section_alignment != NULL)
    s->bfd_section->alignment_power = exp_get_power (s->section_alignment, s,
						     "section alignment");
}

static flagword
get_os_init_flag (lang_output_section_statement_type * os)
{
  if (os != NULL)
    switch (os->sectype)
      {
      case readonly_section: return SEC_READONLY;
      case noload_section:   return SEC_NEVER_LOAD;
      default: break;
      }

  return 0;
}

/* Make sure that all output sections mentioned in an expression are
   initialized.  */

static void
exp_init_os (etree_type *exp)
{
  switch (exp->type.node_class)
    {
    case etree_assign:
    case etree_provide:
    case etree_provided:
      exp_init_os (exp->assign.src);
      break;

    case etree_binary:
      exp_init_os (exp->binary.lhs);
      exp_init_os (exp->binary.rhs);
      break;

    case etree_trinary:
      exp_init_os (exp->trinary.cond);
      exp_init_os (exp->trinary.lhs);
      exp_init_os (exp->trinary.rhs);
      break;

    case etree_assert:
      exp_init_os (exp->assert_s.child);
      break;

    case etree_unary:
      exp_init_os (exp->unary.child);
      break;

    case etree_name:
      switch (exp->type.node_code)
	{
	case ADDR:
	case LOADADDR:
	  {
	    lang_output_section_statement_type *os;

	    os = lang_output_section_find (exp->name.name);
	    if (os != NULL && os->bfd_section == NULL)
	      init_os (os, get_os_init_flag (os));
	  }
	}
      break;

    default:
      break;
    }
}

static void
section_already_linked (bfd *abfd, asection *sec, void *data)
{
  lang_input_statement_type *entry = (lang_input_statement_type *) data;

  /* If we are only reading symbols from this object, then we want to
     discard all sections.  */
  if (entry->flags.just_syms)
    {
      bfd_link_just_syms (abfd, sec, &link_info);
      return;
    }

  /* Deal with SHF_EXCLUDE ELF sections.  */
  if (!bfd_link_relocatable (&link_info)
      && (abfd->flags & BFD_PLUGIN) == 0
      && (sec->flags & (SEC_GROUP | SEC_KEEP | SEC_EXCLUDE)) == SEC_EXCLUDE)
    sec->output_section = bfd_abs_section_ptr;

  if (!(abfd->flags & DYNAMIC))
    bfd_section_already_linked (abfd, sec, &link_info);
}


/* Returns true if SECTION is one we know will be discarded based on its
   section flags, otherwise returns false.  */

static bool
lang_discard_section_p (asection *section)
{
  bool discard;
  flagword flags = section->flags;

  /* Discard sections marked with SEC_EXCLUDE.  */
  discard = (flags & SEC_EXCLUDE) != 0;

  /* Discard the group descriptor sections when we're finally placing the
     sections from within the group.  */
  if ((flags & SEC_GROUP) != 0
      && link_info.resolve_section_groups)
    discard = true;

  /* Discard debugging sections if we are stripping debugging
     information.  */
  if ((link_info.strip == strip_debugger || link_info.strip == strip_all)
      && (flags & SEC_DEBUGGING) != 0)
    discard = true;

  /* Discard non-alloc sections if we are stripping section headers.  */
  else if (config.no_section_header && (flags & SEC_ALLOC) == 0)
    discard = true;

  return discard;
}

/* Return TRUE if SECTION is never going to be added to output statement
   OUTPUT.  lang_add_section() definitely won't do anything with SECTION
   if this returns TRUE.  It may do something (or not) if this returns FALSE.

   Can be used as early-out to filter matches.  This may set
   output_section of SECTION, if it was unset, to the abs section in case
   we discover SECTION to be always discarded.  This may also give
   warning messages.  */

static bool
wont_add_section_p (asection *section,
		    lang_output_section_statement_type *output)
{
  bool discard;

  /* Is this section one we know should be discarded?  */
  discard = lang_discard_section_p (section);

  /* Discard input sections which are assigned to a section named
     DISCARD_SECTION_NAME.  */
  if (strcmp (output->name, DISCARD_SECTION_NAME) == 0)
    discard = true;

  if (discard)
    {
      if (section->output_section == NULL)
	{
	  /* This prevents future calls from assigning this section or
	     warning about it again.  */
	  section->output_section = bfd_abs_section_ptr;
	}
      else if (bfd_is_abs_section (section->output_section))
	;
      else if (link_info.non_contiguous_regions_warnings)
	einfo (_("%P:%pS: warning: --enable-non-contiguous-regions makes "
		 "section `%pA' from `%pB' match /DISCARD/ clause.\n"),
	       NULL, section, section->owner);

      return true;
    }

  if (section->output_section != NULL)
    {
      if (!link_info.non_contiguous_regions)
	return true;

      /* SECTION has already been handled in a special way
	 (eg. LINK_ONCE): skip it.  */
      if (bfd_is_abs_section (section->output_section))
	return true;

      /* Already assigned to the same output section, do not process
	 it again, to avoid creating loops between duplicate sections
	 later.  */
      if (section->output_section == output->bfd_section)
	return true;

      if (link_info.non_contiguous_regions_warnings && output->bfd_section)
	einfo (_("%P:%pS: warning: --enable-non-contiguous-regions may "
		 "change behaviour for section `%pA' from `%pB' (assigned to "
		 "%pA, but additional match: %pA)\n"),
	       NULL, section, section->owner, section->output_section,
	       output->bfd_section);

      /* SECTION has already been assigned to an output section, but
	 the user allows it to be mapped to another one in case it
	 overflows. We'll later update the actual output section in
	 size_input_section as appropriate.  */
    }

  return false;
}

/* The wild routines.

   These expand statements like *(.text) and foo.o to a list of
   explicit actions, like foo.o(.text), bar.o(.text) and
   foo.o(.text, .data).  */

/* Add SECTION to the output section OUTPUT.  Do this by creating a
   lang_input_section statement which is placed at PTR.  */

void
lang_add_section (lang_statement_list_type *ptr,
		  asection *section,
		  struct wildcard_list *pattern,
		  struct flag_info *sflag_info,
		  lang_output_section_statement_type *output)
{
  flagword flags = section->flags;

  lang_input_section_type *new_section;
  bfd *abfd = link_info.output_bfd;

  if (wont_add_section_p (section, output))
    return;

  if (sflag_info)
    {
      bool keep;

      keep = bfd_lookup_section_flags (&link_info, sflag_info, section);
      if (!keep)
	return;
    }

  /* We don't copy the SEC_NEVER_LOAD flag from an input section
     to an output section, because we want to be able to include a
     SEC_NEVER_LOAD section in the middle of an otherwise loaded
     section (I don't know why we want to do this, but we do).
     build_link_order in ldwrite.c handles this case by turning
     the embedded SEC_NEVER_LOAD section into a fill.  */
  flags &= ~ SEC_NEVER_LOAD;

  /* If final link, don't copy the SEC_LINK_ONCE flags, they've
     already been processed.  One reason to do this is that on pe
     format targets, .text$foo sections go into .text and it's odd
     to see .text with SEC_LINK_ONCE set.  */
  if ((flags & (SEC_LINK_ONCE | SEC_GROUP)) == (SEC_LINK_ONCE | SEC_GROUP))
    {
      if (link_info.resolve_section_groups)
	flags &= ~(SEC_LINK_ONCE | SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES | SEC_RELOC);
      else
	flags &= ~(SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES | SEC_RELOC);
    }
  else if (!bfd_link_relocatable (&link_info))
    flags &= ~(SEC_LINK_ONCE | SEC_LINK_DUPLICATES | SEC_RELOC);

  switch (output->sectype)
    {
    case normal_section:
    case overlay_section:
    case first_overlay_section:
    case type_section:
      break;
    case noalloc_section:
      flags &= ~SEC_ALLOC;
      break;
    case typed_readonly_section:
    case readonly_section:
      flags |= SEC_READONLY;
      break;
    case noload_section:
      flags &= ~SEC_LOAD;
      flags |= SEC_NEVER_LOAD;
      /* Unfortunately GNU ld has managed to evolve two different
	 meanings to NOLOAD in scripts.  ELF gets a .bss style noload,
	 alloc, no contents section.  All others get a noload, noalloc
	 section.  */
      if (bfd_get_flavour (link_info.output_bfd) == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
	flags &= ~SEC_HAS_CONTENTS;
      else
	flags &= ~SEC_ALLOC;
      break;
    }

  if (output->bfd_section == NULL)
    init_os (output, flags);

  /* If SEC_READONLY is not set in the input section, then clear
     it from the output section.  */
  output->bfd_section->flags &= flags | ~SEC_READONLY;

  if (output->bfd_section->linker_has_input)
    {
      /* Only set SEC_READONLY flag on the first input section.  */
      flags &= ~ SEC_READONLY;

      /* Keep SEC_MERGE and SEC_STRINGS only if they are the same.  */
      if ((output->bfd_section->flags & (SEC_MERGE | SEC_STRINGS))
	  != (flags & (SEC_MERGE | SEC_STRINGS))
	  || ((flags & SEC_MERGE) != 0
	      && output->bfd_section->entsize != section->entsize))
	{
	  output->bfd_section->flags &= ~ (SEC_MERGE | SEC_STRINGS);
	  flags &= ~ (SEC_MERGE | SEC_STRINGS);
	}
    }
  output->bfd_section->flags |= flags;

  if (!output->bfd_section->linker_has_input)
    {
      output->bfd_section->linker_has_input = 1;
      /* This must happen after flags have been updated.  The output
	 section may have been created before we saw its first input
	 section, eg. for a data statement.  */
      bfd_init_private_section_data (section->owner, section,
				     link_info.output_bfd,
				     output->bfd_section,
				     &link_info);
      if ((flags & SEC_MERGE) != 0)
	output->bfd_section->entsize = section->entsize;
    }

  if ((flags & SEC_TIC54X_BLOCK) != 0
      && bfd_get_arch (section->owner) == bfd_arch_tic54x)
    {
      /* FIXME: This value should really be obtained from the bfd...  */
      output->block_value = 128;
    }

  /* When a .ctors section is placed in .init_array it must be copied
     in reverse order.  Similarly for .dtors.  Set that up.  */
  if (bfd_get_flavour (link_info.output_bfd) == bfd_target_elf_flavour
      && ((startswith (section->name, ".ctors")
	   && strcmp (output->bfd_section->name, ".init_array") == 0)
	  || (startswith (section->name, ".dtors")
	      && strcmp (output->bfd_section->name, ".fini_array") == 0))
      && (section->name[6] == 0 || section->name[6] == '.'))
    section->flags |= SEC_ELF_REVERSE_COPY;

  if (section->alignment_power > output->bfd_section->alignment_power)
    output->bfd_section->alignment_power = section->alignment_power;

  section->output_section = output->bfd_section;

  if (!map_head_is_link_order)
    {
      asection *s = output->bfd_section->map_tail.s;
      output->bfd_section->map_tail.s = section;
      section->map_head.s = NULL;
      section->map_tail.s = s;
      if (s != NULL)
	s->map_head.s = section;
      else
	output->bfd_section->map_head.s = section;
    }

  /* Add a section reference to the list.  */
  new_section = new_stat (lang_input_section, ptr);
  new_section->section = section;
  new_section->pattern = pattern;
}

/* Expand a wild statement for a particular FILE.  SECTION may be
   NULL, in which case it is a wild card.  This assumes that the
   wild statement doesn't need any sorting (of filenames or sections).  */

static void
output_section_callback_nosort (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr,
			struct wildcard_list *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
			asection *section,
			lang_input_statement_type *file ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
			void *output)
{
  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;

  os = (lang_output_section_statement_type *) output;

  /* Exclude sections that match UNIQUE_SECTION_LIST.  */
  if (unique_section_p (section, os))
    return;

  lang_add_section (&ptr->children, section, ptr->section_list,
		    ptr->section_flag_list, os);
}

/* Check if all sections in a wild statement for a particular FILE
   are readonly.  */

static void
check_section_callback (lang_wild_statement_type *ptr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
			struct wildcard_list *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
			asection *section,
			lang_input_statement_type *file ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
			void *output)
{
  lang_output_section_statement_type *os;

  os = (lang_output_section_statement_type *) output;

  /* Exclude sections that match UNIQUE_SECTION_LIST.  */
  if (unique_section_p (section, os))
    return;

  if (section->output_section == NULL && (section->flags & SEC_READONLY) == 0)
    os->all_input_readonly = false;
}

/* This is passed a file name which must have been seen already and
   added to the statement tree.  We will see if it has been opened
   already and had its symbols read.  If not then we'll read it.  */

static lang_input_statement_type *
lookup_name (const char *name)
{
  lang_input_statement_type *search;

  for (search = (void *) input_file_chain.head;
       search != NULL;
       search = search->next_real_file)
    {
      /* Use the local_sym_name as the name of the file that has
	 already been loaded as filename might have been transformed
	 via the search directory lookup mechanism.  */
      const char *filename = search->local_sym_name;

      if (filename != NULL
	  && filename_cmp (filename, name) == 0)
	break;
    }

  if (search == NULL)
    {
      /* Arrange to splice the input statement added by new_afile into
	 statement_list after the current input_file_chain tail.
	 We know input_file_chain is not an empty list, and that
	 lookup_name was called via open_input_bfds.  Later calls to
	 lookup_name should always match an existing input_statement.  */
      lang_statement_union_type **tail = stat_ptr->tail;
      lang_statement_union_type **after
	= (void *) ((char *) input_file_chain.tail
		    - offsetof (lang_input_statement_type, next_real_file)
		    + offsetof (lang_input_statement_type, header.next));
      lang_statement_union_type *rest = *after;
      stat_ptr->tail = after;
      search = new_afile (name, lang_input_file_is_search_file_enum,
			  default_target, NULL);
      *stat_ptr->tail = rest;
      if (*tail == NULL)
	stat_ptr->tail = tail;
    }

  /* If we have already added this file, or this file is not real
     don't add this file.  */
  if (search->flags.loaded || !search->flags.real)
    return search;

  if (!load_symbols (search, NULL))
    return NULL;

  return search;
}

/* Save LIST as a list of libraries whose symbols should not be exported.  */

struct excluded_lib
{
  char *name;
  struct excluded_lib *next;
};
static struct excluded_lib *excluded_libs;

void
add_excluded_libs (const char *list)
{
  const char *p = list, *end;

  while (*p != '\0')
    {
      struct excluded_lib *entry;
      end = strpbrk (p, ",:");
      if (end == NULL)
	end = p + strlen (p);
      entry = (struct excluded_lib *) xmalloc (sizeof (*entry));
      entry->next = excluded_libs;
      entry->name = (char *) xmalloc (end - p + 1);
      memcpy (entry->name, p, end - p);
      entry->name[end - p] = '\0';
      excluded_libs = entry;
      if (*end == '\0')
	break;
      p = end + 1;
    }
}

static void
check_excluded_libs (bfd *abfd)
{
  struct excluded_lib *lib = excluded_libs;

  while (lib)
    {
      int len = strlen (lib->name);
      const char *filename = lbasename (bfd_get_filename (abfd));

      if (strcmp (lib->name, "ALL") == 0)
	{
	  abfd->no_export = true;
	  return;
	}

      if (filename_ncmp (lib->name, filename, len) == 0
	  && (filename[len] == '\0'
	      || (filename[len] == '.' && filename[len + 1] == 'a'
		  && filename[len + 2] == '\0')))
	{
	  abfd->no_export = true;
	  return;
	}

      lib = lib->next;
    }
}

/* Get the symbols for an input file.  */

bool
load_symbols (lang_input_statement_type *entry,
	      lang_statement_list_type *place)
{
  char **matching;

  if (entry->flags.loaded)
    return true;

  ldfile_open_file (entry);

  /* Do not process further if the file was missing.  */
  if (entry->flags.missing_file)
    return true;

  if (trace_files || verbose)
    info_msg ("%pI\n", entry);

  if (!bfd_check_format (entry->the_bfd, bfd_archive)
      && !bfd_check_format_matches (entry->the_bfd, bfd_object, &matching))
    {
      bfd_error_type err;
      struct lang_input_statement_flags save_flags;
      extern FILE *yyin;

      err = bfd_get_error ();

      /* See if the emulation has some special knowledge.  */
      if (ldemul_unrecognized_file (entry))
	{
	  if (err == bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized)
	    free (matching);
	  return true;
	}

      if (err == bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized)
	{
	  char **p;

	  einfo (_("%P: %pB: file not recognized: %E;"
		   " matching formats:"), entry->the_bfd);
	  for (p = matching; *p != NULL; p++)
	    einfo (" %s", *p);
	  free (matching);
	  einfo ("%F\n");
	}
      else if (err != bfd_error_file_not_recognized
	       || place == NULL)
	einfo (_("%F%P: %pB: file not recognized: %E\n"), entry->the_bfd);

      bfd_close (entry->the_bfd);
      entry->the_bfd = NULL;

      /* Try to interpret the file as a linker script.  */
      save_flags = input_flags;
      ldfile_open_command_file (entry->filename);

      push_stat_ptr (place);
      input_flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_regular
	= entry->flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_regular;
      input_flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_dynamic
	= entry->flags.add_DT_NEEDED_for_dynamic;
      input_flags.whole_archive = entry->flags.whole_archive;
      input_flags.dynamic = entry->flags.dynamic;

      ldfile_assumed_script = true;
      parser_input = input_script;
      current_input_file = entry->filename;
      yyparse ();
      current_input_file = NULL;
      ldfile_assumed_script = false;

      /* missing_file is sticky.  sysrooted will already have been
	 restored when seeing EOF in yyparse, but no harm to restore
	 again.  */
      save_flags.missing_file |= input_flags.missing_file;
      input_flags = save_flags;
      pop_stat_ptr ();
      fclose (yyin);
      yyin = NULL;
      entry->flags.loaded = true;

      return true;
    }

  if (ldemul_recognized_file (entry))
    return true;

  /* We don't call ldlang_add_file for an archive.  Instead, the
     add_symbols entry point will call ldlang_add_file, via the
     add_archive_element callback, for each element of the archive
     which is used.  */
  switch (bfd_get_format (entry->the_bfd))
    {
    default:
      break;

    case bfd_object:
      if (!entry->flags.reload)
	ldlang_add_file (entry);
      break;

    case bfd_archive:
      check_excluded_libs (entry->the_bfd);

      bfd_set_usrdata (entry->the_bfd, entry);
      if (entry->flags.whole_archive)
	{
	  bfd *member = NULL;
	  bool loaded = true;

	  for (;;)
	    {
	      bfd *subsbfd;
	      member = bfd_openr_next_archived_file (entry->the_bfd, member);

	      if (member == NULL)
		break;

	      if (!bfd_check_format (member, bfd_object))
		{
		  einfo (_("%F%P: %pB: member %pB in archive is not an object\n"),
			 entry->the_bfd, member);
		  loaded = false;
		}

	      subsbfd = member;
	      if (!(*link_info.callbacks
		    ->add_archive_element) (&link_info, member,
					    "--whole-archive", &subsbfd))
		abort ();

	      /* Potentially, the add_archive_element hook may have set a
		 substitute BFD for us.  */
	      if (!bfd_link_add_symbols (subsbfd, &link_info))
		{
		  einfo (_("%F%P: %pB: error adding symbols: %E\n"), member);
		  loaded = false;
		}
	    }

	  entry->flags.loaded = loaded;
	  return loaded;
	}
      break;
    }

  if (bfd_link_add_symbols (entry->the_bfd, &link_info))
    entry->flags.loaded = true;