x86: introduce .bfloat16 directive

This is to be able to generate data acted upon by AVX512-BF16 and
AMX-BF16 insns. While not part of the IEEE standard, the format is
sufficiently standardized to warrant handling in config/atof-ieee.c.
Arm, where custom handling was implemented, may want to leverage this as
well. To be able to also use the hex forms supported for other floating
point formats, a small addition to the generic hex_float() is needed.

Extend existing x86 testcases.