gdb/testsuite/gdb.debuginfod/corefile-mapped-file.exp

# Copyright 2024-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

# This test checks GDB's ability to use build-ids when setting up file backed
# mappings as part of reading a core-file.
#
# A core-file contains a list of the files that were mapped into the process
# at the time of the core-file creation.  If the file was mapped read-only
# then the file contents will not be present in the core-file, but instead GDB
# is expected to open the mapped file and read the contents from there if
# needed.  And this is what GDB does.
#
# GDB (via the BFD library) will also spot if a mapped looks like a valid ELF
# and contains a build-id, this build-id is passed back to GDB so that GDB can
# validate the on-disk file it finds matches the file that was mapped when the
# core-file was created.
#
# In addition, if the on-disk file is found to have a non-matching build-id
# then GDB can use debuginfod to (try) and download a suitable file.
#
# This test is about checking that this file backed mapping mechanism works
# correctly; that GDB will spot when the build-ids fail to match and will
# refuse to load an incorrect file.  Additionally we check that the correct
# file can be downloaded from debuginfod.
#
# The test is rather contrived though.  Instead of relying on having a shared
# library mapped at the time of crash we mmap a shared library into the
# process and then check this mapping within the test.
#
# The problem with using a normal shared library load for this test is that
# the shared library list is processed as part of a separate step when opening
# the core file.  Right now this separate step doesn't check the build-ids
# correctly, so GDB will potentially open the wrong shared library file.  The
# sections of this incorrect shared library are then added to GDB's list of
# target sections, and are used to satisfy memory reads, which can give the
# wrong results.
#
# This obviously needs fixing, but is a separate problem from the one being
# tested here, so this test deliberately checks the mapping using a file that
# is mmapped rather than loaded as a shared library, as such the file is in the
# core-files list of mapped files, but is not in the shared library list.
#
# Despite this test living in the gdb.debuginfod/ directory, only the last
# part of this test actually uses debuginfod, everything up to that point is
# pretty generic.

require {!is_remote host}
require {!is_remote target}

load_lib debuginfod-support.exp

require allow_shlib_tests

standard_testfile -1.c -2.c -3.c

# Compile an executable that loads the shared library as an actual
# shared library, then use GDB to figure out the offset of the
# variable 'library_ptr' within the library.
set library_filename [standard_output_file "libfoo.so"]
set testfile2 "library_loader"
set binfile2 [standard_output_file $testfile2]

if {[prepare_for_testing_full "build exec which loads the shared library" \
	 [list $library_filename \
	      { debug shlib build-id \
		    additional_flags=-DPOINTER_VALUE=0x12345678 } \
	      $srcfile2 {}] \
	 [list $testfile2 [list debug shlib=$library_filename ] \
	      $srcfile { debug }]] != 0} {
    return
}

require {expect_build_id_in_core_file $binfile2}
require {expect_build_id_in_core_file $library_filename}

if {![runto_main]} {
    return
}

if { [is_address_zero_readable] } {
    return
}

set ptr_address [get_hexadecimal_valueof "&library_ptr" "unknown"]

set ptr_offset "unknown"
gdb_test_multiple "info proc mappings" "" {
    -re "^($hex)\\s+($hex)\\s+$hex\\s+($hex)\[^\r\n\]+$library_filename\\s*\r\n" {
	set low_addr $expect_out(1,string)
	set high_addr $expect_out(2,string)
	set file_offset $expect_out(3,string)

	if {[expr $ptr_address >= $low_addr] && [expr $ptr_address < $high_addr]} {
	    set mapping_offset [expr $ptr_address - $low_addr]
	    set ptr_offset [format 0x%x [expr $file_offset + $mapping_offset]]
	}

	exp_continue
    }

    -re "^$gdb_prompt $" {
    }

    -re "(^\[^\r\n\]*)\r\n" {
	set tmp $expect_out(1,string)
	exp_continue
    }
}

gdb_assert { $ptr_offset ne "unknown" } \
    "found pointer offset"

set ptr_size [get_integer_valueof "sizeof (library_ptr)" "unknown"]
set ptr_format_char ""
if { $ptr_size == 2 } {
    set ptr_format_char "b"
} elseif { $ptr_size == 4 } {
    set ptr_format_char "w"
} elseif { $ptr_size == 8 } {
    set ptr_format_char "g"
}
if { $ptr_format_char eq "" } {
    untested "could not figure out size of library_ptr variable"
    return
}

# Helper proc to read a value from inferior memory.  Reads at address held in
# global PTR_ADDRESS, and use PTR_FORMAT_CHAR for the size of the read.
proc read_ptr_value { } {
    set value ""
    gdb_test_multiple "x/1${::ptr_format_char}x ${::ptr_address}" "" {
	-re -wrap "^${::hex}(?:\\s+<\[^>\]+>)?:\\s+($::hex)" {
	    set value $expect_out(1,string)
	}
	-re -wrap "^${::hex}(?:\\s+<\[^>\]+>)?:\\s+Cannot access memory at address ${::hex}" {
	    set value "unavailable"
	}
    }
    return $value
}

set ptr_expected_value [read_ptr_value]
if { $ptr_expected_value eq "" } {
    untested "could not find expected value for library_ptr"
    return
}

# Now compile a second executable.  This one doesn't load the shared
# library as an actual shared library, but instead mmaps the library
# into the executable.
#
# Load this executable within GDB and confirm that we can use the
# offset we calculated previously to view the value of 'library_ptr'.
set opts [list debug additional_flags=-DSHLIB_FILENAME=\"$library_filename\"]
if {[prepare_for_testing "prepare second executable" $testfile \
	 $srcfile3 $opts] != 0} {
    return
}

if {![runto_main]} {
    return
}

gdb_breakpoint [gdb_get_line_number "Undefined behavior here" $srcfile3]
gdb_continue_to_breakpoint "run to breakpoint"

set library_base_address \
    [get_hexadecimal_valueof "library_base_address" "unknown"]
set ptr_address [format 0x%x [expr {$library_base_address + $ptr_offset}]]

set ptr_value [read_ptr_value]
gdb_assert { $ptr_value == $ptr_expected_value } \
    "check value of pointer variable"

# Now rerun the second executable outside of GDB.  The executable should crash
# and generate a corefile.
set corefile [core_find $binfile]
if {$corefile eq ""} {
    untested "could not generate core file"
    return
}

# Load a core file from the global COREFILE.  Use TESTNAME as the name
# of the test.
#
# If LINE_RE is not the empty string then this is a regexp for a line
# that we expect to see in the output when loading the core file, if
# the line is not present then this test will fail.
#
# Any lines beginning with 'warning: ' will cause this test to fail.
#
# A couple of other standard lines that are produced when loading a
# core file are also checked for, just to make sure the core file
# loading has progressed as expected.
proc load_core_file { testname { line_re "" } } {
    set code {}

    if { $line_re ne "" } {
	append code {
	    -re "^$line_re\r\n" {
		set saw_expected_line true
		exp_continue
	    }
	}
	set saw_expected_line false
    } else {
	set saw_expected_line true
    }

    set saw_unknown_warning false
    set saw_generated_by_line false
    set saw_prog_terminated_line false

    append code {
	-re "^warning: \[^\r\n\]+\r\n" {
	    set saw_unknown_warning true
	    exp_continue
	}

	-re "^Core was generated by \[^\r\n\]+\r\n" {
	    set saw_generated_by_line true
	    exp_continue
	}

	-re "^Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault\\.\r\n" {
	    set saw_prog_terminated_line true
	    exp_continue
	}

	-re "^$::gdb_prompt $" {
	    gdb_assert {$saw_generated_by_line \
			    && $saw_prog_terminated_line \
			    && $saw_expected_line \
			    && !$saw_unknown_warning} \
		$gdb_test_name
	}

	-re "^\[^\r\n\]*\r\n" {
	    exp_continue
	}
    }

    set res [catch { return [gdb_test_multiple "core-file $::corefile" \
				 "$testname" $code] } string]

    if {$res == 1} {
	global errorInfo errorCode
	return -code error -errorinfo $errorInfo -errorcode $errorCode $string
    } elseif {$res == 2} {
	return $string
    } else {
	# We expect RES to be 2 (TCL_RETURN) or 1 (TCL_ERROR).  If we get
	# here then somehow the 'catch' above finished without hitting
	# either of those cases, which is .... weird.
	perror "unexpected return value, code = $res, value = $string"
	return -1
    }
}

# And now restart GDB, load the core-file and check that the library shows as
# being mapped in, and that we can still read the library_ptr value from
# memory.
clean_restart $::testfile

load_core_file "load core file"

set library_base_address [get_hexadecimal_valueof "library_base_address" \
			      "unknown" "get library_base_address in core-file"]
set ptr_address [format 0x%x [expr {$library_base_address + $ptr_offset}]]

set ptr_value [read_ptr_value]
gdb_assert { $ptr_value == $ptr_expected_value } \
    "check value of pointer variable from core-file"

# Now move the shared library file away and restart GDB.  This time when we
# load the core-file we should see a warning that GDB has failed to map in the
# library file.  An attempt to read the variable from the library file should
# fail / give a warning.
set library_backup_filename [standard_output_file "libfoo.so.backup"]
remote_exec build "mv \"$library_filename\" \"$library_backup_filename\""

clean_restart $::testfile

load_core_file "load corefile with library file missing" \
    "warning: Can't open file [string_to_regexp $library_filename] during file-backed mapping note processing"

set ptr_value [read_ptr_value]
gdb_assert { $ptr_value eq "unavailable" } \
    "check value of pointer is unavailable with library file missing"

# Now symlink the .build-id/xx/xxx...xxx filename within the debug
# directory to library we just moved aside.  Restart GDB and setup the
# debug-file-directory before loading the core file.
#
# GDB should lookup the file to map via the build-id link in the
# .build-id/ directory.
set debugdir [standard_output_file "debugdir"]
set build_id_filename \
    $debugdir/[build_id_debug_filename_get $library_backup_filename ""]

remote_exec build "mkdir -p [file dirname $build_id_filename]"
remote_exec build "ln -sf $library_backup_filename $build_id_filename"

clean_restart $::testfile

gdb_test_no_output "set debug-file-directory $debugdir" \
    "set debug-file-directory"

load_core_file "load corefile, lookup in debug-file-directory"

set ptr_value [read_ptr_value]
gdb_assert { $ptr_value == $ptr_expected_value } \
    "check value of pointer variable from core-file, lookup in debug-file-directory"

# Build a new version of the shared library, keep the library the same size,
# but change the contents so the build-id changes.  Then restart GDB and load
# the core-file again.  GDB should spot that the build-id for the shared
# library is not as expected, and should refuse to map in the shared library.
if {[build_executable "build second version of shared library" \
	 $library_filename $srcfile2 \
	 { debug shlib build-id \
	       additional_flags=-DPOINTER_VALUE=0x11223344 }] != 0} {
    return
}

clean_restart $::testfile

load_core_file "load corefile with wrong library in place" \
    "warning: File [string_to_regexp $library_filename] doesn't match build-id from core-file during file-backed mapping processing"

set ptr_value [read_ptr_value]
gdb_assert { $ptr_value eq "unavailable" } \
    "check value of pointer is unavailable with wrong library in place"

# Setup a debuginfod server which can serve the original shared library file.
# Then restart GDB and load the core-file.  GDB should download the original
# shared library from debuginfod and use that to provide the file backed
# mapping.
if {![allow_debuginfod_tests]} {
    untested "skippig debuginfod parts of this test"
    return
}

set server_dir [standard_output_file "debuginfod.server"]
file mkdir $server_dir
file rename -force $library_backup_filename $server_dir

prepare_for_debuginfod cache db

set url [start_debuginfod $db $server_dir]
if { $url eq "" } {
    unresolved "failed to start debuginfod server"
    return
}

with_debuginfod_env $cache {
    setenv DEBUGINFOD_URLS $url

    clean_restart
    gdb_test_no_output "set debuginfod enabled on" \
	"enabled debuginfod for initial test"
    gdb_test_no_output "set progress-bars enabled off"
    gdb_load $binfile

    load_core_file "load corefile, download library from debuginfod" \
	"Downloading\[^\r\n\]* file [string_to_regexp $library_filename]\\.\\.\\."

    set ptr_value [read_ptr_value]
    gdb_assert { $ptr_value == $ptr_expected_value } \
	"check value of pointer variable after downloading library file"
}

stop_debuginfod