src/commands.c

/* Command processing for GNU Make.
Copyright (C) 1988-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Make.

GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

GNU Make is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "makeint.h"

#include "commands.h"

#if MK_OS_W32
#include <windows.h>
#include "w32err.h"
#endif

#include "dep.h"
#include "filedef.h"
#include "job.h"
#include "os.h"
#include "variable.h"

#if MK_OS_VMS
# define FILE_LIST_SEPARATOR (vms_comma_separator ? ',' : ' ')
#else
# define FILE_LIST_SEPARATOR ' '
#endif


static unsigned long
dep_hash_1 (const void *key)
{
  const struct dep *d = key;
  return_STRING_HASH_1 (dep_name (d));
}

static unsigned long
dep_hash_2 (const void *key)
{
  const struct dep *d = key;
  return_STRING_HASH_2 (dep_name (d));
}

static int
dep_hash_cmp (const void *x, const void *y)
{
  const struct dep *dx = x;
  const struct dep *dy = y;
  return strcmp (dep_name (dx), dep_name (dy));
}

/* Set FILE's automatic variables up.
 * Use STEM to set $*.
 * If STEM is 0, then set FILE->STEM and $* to the target name with any
 * suffix in the .SUFFIXES list stripped off.  */

void
set_file_variables (struct file *file, const char *stem)
{
  struct dep *d;
  const char *at, *percent, *star, *less;

#ifndef NO_ARCHIVES
  /* If the target is an archive member 'lib(member)',
     then $@ is 'lib' and $% is 'member'.  */

  if (ar_name (file->name))
    {
      size_t len;
      const char *cp;
      char *p;

      cp = strchr (file->name, '(');
      p = alloca (cp - file->name + 1);
      memcpy (p, file->name, cp - file->name);
      p[cp - file->name] = '\0';
      at = p;
      len = strlen (cp + 1);
      p = alloca (len);
      memcpy (p, cp + 1, len - 1);
      p[len - 1] = '\0';
      percent = p;
    }
  else
#endif  /* NO_ARCHIVES.  */
    {
      at = file->name;
      percent = "";
    }

  /* $* is the stem from an implicit or static pattern rule.  */
  if (stem == 0)
    {
      /* In Unix make, $* is set to the target name with
         any suffix in the .SUFFIXES list stripped off for
         explicit rules.  We store this in the 'stem' member.  */
      const char *name;
      size_t len;

#ifndef NO_ARCHIVES
      if (ar_name (file->name))
        {
          name = strchr (file->name, '(') + 1;
          len = strlen (name) - 1;
        }
      else
#endif
        {
          name = file->name;
          len = strlen (name);
        }

      for (d = enter_file (strcache_add (".SUFFIXES"))->deps; d ; d = d->next)
        {
          const char *dn = dep_name (d);
          size_t slen = strlen (dn);
          if (len > slen && memcmp (dn, name + (len - slen), slen) == 0)
            {
              file->stem = stem = strcache_add_len (name, len - slen);
              break;
            }
        }
      if (d == 0)
        file->stem = stem = "";
    }
  star = stem;

  /* $< is the first not order-only dependency.  */
  less = "";
  for (d = file->deps; d != 0; d = d->next)
    if (!d->ignore_mtime && !d->ignore_automatic_vars && !d->need_2nd_expansion)
      {
        less = dep_name (d);
        break;
      }

  if (file->cmds != 0 && file->cmds == default_file->cmds)
    /* This file got its commands from .DEFAULT.
       In this case $< is the same as $@.  */
    less = at;

#define DEFINE_VARIABLE(name, len, value) \
  (void) define_variable_for_file (name,len,value,o_automatic,0,file)

  /* Define the variables.  */

  DEFINE_VARIABLE ("<", 1, less);
  DEFINE_VARIABLE ("*", 1, star);
  DEFINE_VARIABLE ("@", 1, at);
  DEFINE_VARIABLE ("%", 1, percent);

  /* Compute the values for $^, $+, $?, and $|.  */

  {
    static char *plus_value=0, *bar_value=0, *qmark_value=0;
    static size_t plus_max=0, bar_max=0, qmark_max=0;

    size_t qmark_len, plus_len, bar_len;
    char *cp;
    char *caret_value;
    char *qp;
    char *bp;
    size_t len;

    struct hash_table dep_hash;
    void **slot;

    /* Compute first the value for $+, which is supposed to contain
       duplicate dependencies as they were listed in the makefile.  */

    plus_len = 0;
    bar_len = 0;
    for (d = file->deps; d != 0; d = d->next)
      {
        if (!d->need_2nd_expansion && !d->ignore_automatic_vars)
          {
            if (d->ignore_mtime)
              bar_len += strlen (dep_name (d)) + 1;
            else
              plus_len += strlen (dep_name (d)) + 1;
          }
      }

    if (bar_len == 0)
      bar_len++;

    if (plus_len == 0)
      plus_len++;

    if (plus_len > plus_max)
      plus_value = xrealloc (plus_value, plus_max = plus_len);

    cp = plus_value;

    qmark_len = plus_len + 1;   /* Will be this or less.  */
    for (d = file->deps; d != 0; d = d->next)
      if (! d->ignore_mtime && ! d->need_2nd_expansion && ! d->ignore_automatic_vars)
        {
          const char *c = dep_name (d);

#ifndef NO_ARCHIVES
          if (ar_name (c))
            {
              c = strchr (c, '(') + 1;
              len = strlen (c) - 1;
            }
          else
#endif
            len = strlen (c);

          cp = mempcpy (cp, c, len);
          *cp++ = FILE_LIST_SEPARATOR;
          if (! (d->changed || always_make_flag))
            qmark_len -= len + 1;       /* Don't space in $? for this one.  */
        }

    /* Kill the last space and define the variable.  */

    cp[cp > plus_value ? -1 : 0] = '\0';
    DEFINE_VARIABLE ("+", 1, plus_value);

    /* Compute the values for $^, $?, and $|.  */

    cp = caret_value = plus_value; /* Reuse the buffer; it's big enough.  */

    if (qmark_len > qmark_max)
      qmark_value = xrealloc (qmark_value, qmark_max = qmark_len);
    qp = qmark_value;

    if (bar_len > bar_max)
      bar_value = xrealloc (bar_value, bar_max = bar_len);
    bp = bar_value;

    /* Make sure that no dependencies are repeated in $^, $?, and $|.  It
       would be natural to combine the next two loops but we can't do it
       because of a situation where we have two dep entries, the first
       is order-only and the second is normal (see below).  */

    hash_init (&dep_hash, 500, dep_hash_1, dep_hash_2, dep_hash_cmp);

    for (d = file->deps; d != 0; d = d->next)
      {
        if (d->need_2nd_expansion || d->ignore_automatic_vars)
          continue;

        slot = hash_find_slot (&dep_hash, d);
        if (HASH_VACANT (*slot))
          hash_insert_at (&dep_hash, d, slot);
        else
          {
            /* Check if the two prerequisites have different ignore_mtime.
               If so then we need to "upgrade" one that is order-only.  */

            struct dep* hd = (struct dep*) *slot;

            if (d->ignore_mtime != hd->ignore_mtime)
              d->ignore_mtime = hd->ignore_mtime = 0;
          }
      }

    for (d = file->deps; d != 0; d = d->next)
      {
        const char *c;

        if (d->need_2nd_expansion || d->ignore_automatic_vars || hash_find_item (&dep_hash, d) != d)
          continue;

        c = dep_name (d);
#ifndef NO_ARCHIVES
        if (ar_name (c))
          {
            c = strchr (c, '(') + 1;
            len = strlen (c) - 1;
          }
        else
#endif
          len = strlen (c);

        if (d->ignore_mtime)
          {
            bp = mempcpy (bp, c, len);
            *bp++ = FILE_LIST_SEPARATOR;
          }
        else
          {
            cp = mempcpy (cp, c, len);
            *cp++ = FILE_LIST_SEPARATOR;
            if (d->changed || always_make_flag)
              {
                qp = mempcpy (qp, c, len);
                *qp++ = FILE_LIST_SEPARATOR;
              }
          }
      }

    hash_free (&dep_hash, 0);

    /* Kill the last spaces and define the variables.  */

    cp[cp > caret_value ? -1 : 0] = '\0';
    DEFINE_VARIABLE ("^", 1, caret_value);

    qp[qp > qmark_value ? -1 : 0] = '\0';
    DEFINE_VARIABLE ("?", 1, qmark_value);

    bp[bp > bar_value ? -1 : 0] = '\0';
    DEFINE_VARIABLE ("|", 1, bar_value);
  }

#undef DEFINE_VARIABLE
}

/* Chop CMDS up into individual command lines if necessary.
   Also set the 'lines_flags' and 'any_recurse' members.  */

void
chop_commands (struct commands *cmds)
{
  unsigned short nlines;
  unsigned short i;
  char **lines;

  /* If we don't have any commands, or we already parsed them, never mind.  */
  if (!cmds || cmds->command_lines != NULL)
    return;

  /* Chop CMDS->commands up into lines in CMDS->command_lines.  */

  if (one_shell)
    {
      size_t l = strlen (cmds->commands);

      nlines = 1;
      lines = xmalloc (nlines * sizeof (char *));
      lines[0] = xstrdup (cmds->commands);

      /* Strip the trailing newline.  */
      if (l > 0 && lines[0][l-1] == '\n')
        lines[0][l-1] = '\0';
    }
  else
    {
      const char *p = cmds->commands;
      size_t max = 5;

      nlines = 0;
      lines = xmalloc (max * sizeof (char *));
      while (*p != '\0')
        {
          const char *end = p;
        find_end:;
          end = strchr (end, '\n');
          if (end == NULL)
            end = p + strlen (p);
          else if (end > p && end[-1] == '\\')
            {
              int backslash = 1;
              if (end > p + 1)
                {
                  const char *b;
                  for (b = end - 2; b >= p && *b == '\\'; --b)
                    backslash = !backslash;
                }
              if (backslash)
                {
                  ++end;
                  goto find_end;
                }
            }

          if (nlines == USHRT_MAX)
            ON (fatal, &cmds->fileinfo,
                _("recipe has too many lines (limit %hu)"), nlines);

          if (nlines == max)
            {
              max += 2;
              lines = xrealloc (lines, max * sizeof (char *));
            }

          lines[nlines++] = xstrndup (p, (size_t) (end - p));
          p = end;
          if (*p != '\0')
            ++p;
        }
    }

  /* Finally, set the corresponding CMDS->lines_flags elements and the
     CMDS->any_recurse flag.  */

  cmds->ncommand_lines = nlines;
  cmds->command_lines = lines;

  cmds->any_recurse = 0;
  cmds->lines_flags = xmalloc (nlines);

  for (i = 0; i < nlines; ++i)
    {
      unsigned char flags = 0;
      const char *p = lines[i];

      while (ISBLANK (*p) || *p == '-' || *p == '@' || *p == '+')
        switch (*(p++))
          {
          case '+':
            flags |= COMMANDS_RECURSE;
            break;
          case '@':
            flags |= COMMANDS_SILENT;
            break;
          case '-':
            flags |= COMMANDS_NOERROR;
            break;
          }

      /* If no explicit '+' was given, look for MAKE variable references.  */
      if (! ANY_SET (flags, COMMANDS_RECURSE)
          && (strstr (p, "$(MAKE)") != 0 || strstr (p, "${MAKE}") != 0))
        flags |= COMMANDS_RECURSE;

      cmds->lines_flags[i] = flags;
      cmds->any_recurse |= ANY_SET (flags, COMMANDS_RECURSE) ? 1 : 0;
    }
}

/* Execute the commands to remake FILE.  If they are currently executing,
   return or have already finished executing, just return.  Otherwise,
   fork off a child process to run the first command line in the sequence.  */

void
execute_file_commands (struct file *file)
{
  const char *p;

  /* Don't go through all the preparations if
     the commands are nothing but whitespace.  */

  for (p = file->cmds->commands; *p != '\0'; ++p)
    if (!ISSPACE (*p) && *p != '-' && *p != '@' && *p != '+')
      break;
  if (*p == '\0')
    {
      /* If there are no commands, assume everything worked.  */
      set_command_state (file, cs_running);
      file->update_status = us_success;
      notice_finished_file (file);
      return;
    }

  /* First set the automatic variables according to this file.  */

  initialize_file_variables (file, 0);

  set_file_variables (file, file->stem);

  /* Some systems don't support overwriting a loaded object so if this one
     unload it before remaking.  Keep its name in .LOADED: it will be rebuilt
     and loaded again.  If rebuilding or loading again fail, then we'll exit
     anyway and it won't matter.  */
  if (file->loaded && unload_file (file->name) == 0)
    {
      file->loaded = 0;
      file->unloaded = 1;
    }

  /* Start the commands running.  */
  new_job (file);
}

/* This is set while we are inside fatal_error_signal,
   so things can avoid nonreentrant operations.  */

volatile sig_atomic_t handling_fatal_signal = 0;

/* Handle fatal signals.  */

void
fatal_error_signal (int sig)
{
#if MK_OS_DOS
  extern int dos_status, dos_command_running;

  if (dos_command_running)
    {
      /* That was the child who got the signal, not us.  */
      dos_status |= (sig << 8);
      return;
    }
  remove_intermediates (1);
  exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
#else /* not MK_OS_DOS */
#if MK_OS_W32
  extern HANDLE main_thread;

  /* Windows creates a separate thread for handling Ctrl+C, so we need
     to suspend the main thread, or else we will have race conditions
     when both threads call reap_children.  */
  if (main_thread)
    {
      DWORD susp_count = SuspendThread (main_thread);

      if (susp_count != 0)
        fprintf (stderr, "SuspendThread: suspend count = %lu\n", susp_count);
      else if (susp_count == (DWORD)-1)
        {
          DWORD ierr = GetLastError ();

          fprintf (stderr, "SuspendThread: error %lu: %s\n",
                   ierr, map_windows32_error_to_string (ierr));
        }
    }
#endif
  handling_fatal_signal = 1;

  /* Set the handling for this signal to the default.
     It is blocked now while we run this handler.  */
  signal (sig, SIG_DFL);

  temp_stdin_unlink ();
  osync_clear ();
  jobserver_clear ();

  /* A termination signal won't be sent to the entire
     process group, but it means we want to kill the children.  */

  if (sig == SIGTERM)
    {
      struct child *c;
      for (c = children; c != 0; c = c->next)
        if (!c->remote && c->pid > 0)
          (void) kill (c->pid, SIGTERM);
    }

  /* If we got a signal that means the user
     wanted to kill make, remove pending targets.  */

  if (sig == SIGTERM || sig == SIGINT
#ifdef SIGHUP
    || sig == SIGHUP
#endif
#ifdef SIGQUIT
    || sig == SIGQUIT
#endif
    )
    {
      struct child *c;

      /* Remote children won't automatically get signals sent
         to the process group, so we must send them.  */
      for (c = children; c != 0; c = c->next)
        if (c->remote && c->pid > 0)
          (void) remote_kill (c->pid, sig);

      for (c = children; c != 0; c = c->next)
        delete_child_targets (c);

      /* Clean up the children.  We don't just use the call below because
         we don't want to print the "Waiting for children" message.  */
      while (job_slots_used > 0)
        reap_children (1, 0);
    }
  else
    /* Wait for our children to die.  */
    while (job_slots_used > 0)
      reap_children (1, 1);

  /* Delete any non-precious intermediate files that were made.  */

  remove_intermediates (1);

#ifdef SIGQUIT
  if (sig == SIGQUIT)
    /* We don't want to send ourselves SIGQUIT, because it will
       cause a core dump.  Just exit instead.  */
    exit (MAKE_TROUBLE);
#endif

#if MK_OS_W32
  if (main_thread)
    CloseHandle (main_thread);
  /* Cannot call W32_kill with a pid (it needs a handle).  The exit
     status of 130 emulates what happens in Bash.  */
  exit (130);
#else
  /* Signal the same code; this time it will really be fatal.  The signal
     will be unblocked when we return and arrive then to kill us.  */
  if (kill (make_pid (), sig) < 0)
    pfatal_with_name ("kill");
#endif /* not MK_OS_W32 */
#endif /* not MK_OS_DOS  */
}

/* Delete FILE unless it's precious or not actually a file (phony),
   and it has changed on disk since we last stat'd it.  */

static void
delete_target (struct file *file, const char *on_behalf_of)
{
  struct stat st;
  int e;

  if (file->precious || file->phony)
    return;

#ifndef NO_ARCHIVES
  if (ar_name (file->name))
    {
      time_t file_date = (file->last_mtime == NONEXISTENT_MTIME
                          ? (time_t) -1
                          : (time_t) FILE_TIMESTAMP_S (file->last_mtime));
      if (ar_member_date (file->name) != file_date)
        {
          if (on_behalf_of)
            OSS (error, NILF,
                 _("*** [%s] archive member '%s' may be bogus; not deleted"),
                 on_behalf_of, file->name);
          else
            OS (error, NILF,
                _("*** archive member '%s' may be bogus; not deleted"),
                file->name);
        }
      return;
    }
#endif

  EINTRLOOP (e, stat (file->name, &st));
  if (e == 0
      && S_ISREG (st.st_mode)
      && FILE_TIMESTAMP_STAT_MODTIME (file->name, st) != file->last_mtime)
    {
      if (on_behalf_of)
        OSS (error, NILF,
             _("*** [%s] deleting file '%s'"), on_behalf_of, file->name);
      else
        OS (error, NILF, _("*** deleting file '%s'"), file->name);
      if (unlink (file->name) < 0
          && errno != ENOENT)   /* It disappeared; so what.  */
        perror_with_name ("unlink: ", file->name);
    }
}


/* Delete all non-precious targets of CHILD unless they were already deleted.
   Set the flag in CHILD to say they've been deleted.  */

void
delete_child_targets (struct child *child)
{
  struct dep *d;

  if (child->deleted || child->pid < 0)
    return;

  /* Delete the target file if it changed.  */
  delete_target (child->file, NULL);

  /* Also remove any non-precious targets listed in the 'also_make' member.  */
  for (d = child->file->also_make; d != 0; d = d->next)
    delete_target (d->file, child->file->name);

  child->deleted = 1;
}

/* Print out the commands in CMDS.  */

void
print_commands (const struct commands *cmds)
{
  const char *s;

  fputs (_("#  recipe to execute"), stdout);

  if (cmds->fileinfo.filenm == 0)
    puts (_(" (built-in):"));
  else
    printf (_(" (from '%s', line %lu):\n"),
            cmds->fileinfo.filenm, cmds->fileinfo.lineno);

  s = cmds->commands;
  while (*s != '\0')
    {
      const char *end;
      int bs;

      /* Print one full logical recipe line: find a non-escaped newline.  */
      for (end = s, bs = 0; *end != '\0'; ++end)
        {
          if (*end == '\n' && !bs)
            break;

          bs = *end == '\\' ? !bs : 0;
        }

      printf ("%c%.*s\n", cmd_prefix, (int) (end - s), s);

      s = end + (end[0] == '\n');
    }
}