libgo/go/net/netip/fuzz_test.go - gcc - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 //go:build ignore_due_to_generics

 package netip_test

 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	. "net/netip"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )

 var corpus = []string{
 	// Basic zero IPv4 address.
 	"0.0.0.0",
 	// Basic non-zero IPv4 address.
 	"192.168.140.255",
 	// IPv4 address in windows-style "print all the digits" form.
 	"010.000.015.001",
 	// IPv4 address with a silly amount of leading zeros.
 	"000001.00000002.00000003.000000004",
 	// 4-in-6 with octet with leading zero
 	"::ffff:1.2.03.4",
 	// Basic zero IPv6 address.
 	"::",
 	// Localhost IPv6.
 	"::1",
 	// Fully expanded IPv6 address.
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b",
 	// IPv6 with elided fields in the middle.
 	"fd7a:115c::626b:430b",
 	// IPv6 with elided fields at the end.
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96::",
 	// IPv6 with single elided field at the end.
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b::",
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:0",
 	// IPv6 with single elided field in the middle.
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0::4843:cd96:626b:430b",
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:0:4843:cd96:626b:430b",
 	// IPv6 with the trailing 32 bits written as IPv4 dotted decimal. (4in6)
 	"::ffff:192.168.140.255",
 	"::ffff:192.168.140.255",
 	// IPv6 with a zone specifier.
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b%eth0",
 	// IPv6 with dotted decimal and zone specifier.
 	"1:2::ffff:192.168.140.255%eth1",
 	"1:2::ffff:c0a8:8cff%eth1",
 	// IPv6 with capital letters.
 	"FD9E:1A04:F01D::1",
 	"fd9e:1a04:f01d::1",
 	// Empty string.
 	"",
 	// Garbage non-IP.
 	"bad",
 	// Single number. Some parsers accept this as an IPv4 address in
 	// big-endian uint32 form, but we don't.
 	"1234",
 	// IPv4 with a zone specifier.
 	"1.2.3.4%eth0",
 	// IPv4 field must have at least one digit.
 	".1.2.3",
 	"1.2.3.",
 	"1..2.3",
 	// IPv4 address too long.
 	"1.2.3.4.5",
 	// IPv4 in dotted octal form.
 	"0300.0250.0214.0377",
 	// IPv4 in dotted hex form.
 	"0xc0.0xa8.0x8c.0xff",
 	// IPv4 in class B form.
 	"192.168.12345",
 	// IPv4 in class B form, with a small enough number to be
 	// parseable as a regular dotted decimal field.
 	"127.0.1",
 	// IPv4 in class A form.
 	"192.1234567",
 	// IPv4 in class A form, with a small enough number to be
 	// parseable as a regular dotted decimal field.
 	"127.1",
 	// IPv4 field has value >255.
 	"192.168.300.1",
 	// IPv4 with too many fields.
 	"192.168.0.1.5.6",
 	// IPv6 with not enough fields.
 	"1:2:3:4:5:6:7",
 	// IPv6 with too many fields.
 	"1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9",
 	// IPv6 with 8 fields and a :: expander.
 	"1:2:3:4::5:6:7:8",
 	// IPv6 with a field bigger than 2b.
 	"fe801::1",
 	// IPv6 with non-hex values in field.
 	"fe80:tail:scal:e::",
 	// IPv6 with a zone delimiter but no zone.
 	"fe80::1%",
 	// IPv6 with a zone specifier of zero.
 	"::ffff:0:0%0",
 	// IPv6 (without ellipsis) with too many fields for trailing embedded IPv4.
 	"ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:192.168.140.255",
 	// IPv6 (with ellipsis) with too many fields for trailing embedded IPv4.
 	"ffff::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:192.168.140.255",
 	// IPv6 with invalid embedded IPv4.
 	"::ffff:192.168.140.bad",
 	// IPv6 with multiple ellipsis ::.
 	"fe80::1::1",
 	// IPv6 with invalid non hex/colon character.
 	"fe80:1?:1",
 	// IPv6 with truncated bytes after single colon.
 	"fe80:",
 	// AddrPort strings.
 	"1.2.3.4:51820",
 	"[fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b]:80",
 	"[::ffff:c000:0280]:65535",
 	"[::ffff:c000:0280%eth0]:1",
 	// Prefix strings.
 	"1.2.3.4/24",
 	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b/118",
 	"::ffff:c000:0280/96",
 	"::ffff:c000:0280%eth0/37",
 }

 func FuzzParse(f *testing.F) {
 	for _, seed := range corpus {
 		f.Add(seed)
 	}

 	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, s string) {
 		ip, _ := ParseAddr(s)
 		checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, ip, ParseAddr)
 		checkEncoding(t, ip)

 		// Check that we match the net's IP parser, modulo zones.
 		if !strings.Contains(s, "%") {
 			stdip := net.ParseIP(s)
 			if !ip.IsValid() != (stdip == nil) {
 				t.Errorf("ParseAddr zero != net.ParseIP nil: ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 			}

 			if ip.IsValid() && !ip.Is4In6() {
 				buf, err := ip.MarshalText()
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 				buf2, err := stdip.MarshalText()
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
 				if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.MarshalText() != net.IP.MarshalText(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.String() != stdip.String() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.String() != net.IP.String(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsGlobalUnicast() != stdip.IsGlobalUnicast() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsGlobalUnicast() != net.IP.IsGlobalUnicast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast() != stdip.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast() != net.IP.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsLinkLocalMulticast() != stdip.IsLinkLocalMulticast() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsLinkLocalMulticast() != net.IP.IsLinkLocalMulticast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsLinkLocalUnicast() != stdip.IsLinkLocalUnicast() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsLinkLocalUnicast() != net.IP.IsLinkLocalUnicast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsLoopback() != stdip.IsLoopback() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsLoopback() != net.IP.IsLoopback(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsMulticast() != stdip.IsMulticast() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsMulticast() != net.IP.IsMulticast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsPrivate() != stdip.IsPrivate() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsPrivate() != net.IP.IsPrivate(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 				if ip.IsUnspecified() != stdip.IsUnspecified() {
 					t.Errorf("Addr.IsUnspecified() != net.IP.IsUnspecified(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
 				}
 			}
 		}

 		// Check that .Next().Prev() and .Prev().Next() preserve the IP.
 		if ip.IsValid() && ip.Next().IsValid() && ip.Next().Prev() != ip {
 			t.Errorf(".Next.Prev did not round trip: ip=%q .next=%q .next.prev=%q", ip, ip.Next(), ip.Next().Prev())
 		}
 		if ip.IsValid() && ip.Prev().IsValid() && ip.Prev().Next() != ip {
 			t.Errorf(".Prev.Next did not round trip: ip=%q .prev=%q .prev.next=%q", ip, ip.Prev(), ip.Prev().Next())
 		}

 		port, err := ParseAddrPort(s)
 		if err == nil {
 			checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, port, ParseAddrPort)
 			checkEncoding(t, port)
 		}
 		port = AddrPortFrom(ip, 80)
 		checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, port, ParseAddrPort)
 		checkEncoding(t, port)

 		ipp, err := ParsePrefix(s)
 		if err == nil {
 			checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, ipp, ParsePrefix)
 			checkEncoding(t, ipp)
 		}
 		ipp = PrefixFrom(ip, 8)
 		checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, ipp, ParsePrefix)
 		checkEncoding(t, ipp)
 	})
 }

 // checkTextMarshaler checks that x's MarshalText and UnmarshalText functions round trip correctly.
 func checkTextMarshaler(t *testing.T, x encoding.TextMarshaler) {
 	buf, err := x.MarshalText()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	y := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(x)).Interface().(encoding.TextUnmarshaler)
 	err = y.UnmarshalText(buf)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Fatalf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, err)
 	}
 	e := reflect.ValueOf(y).Elem().Interface()
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(x, e) {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
 		t.Fatalf("MarshalText/UnmarshalText failed to round trip: %#v != %#v", x, e)
 	}
 	buf2, err := y.(encoding.TextMarshaler).MarshalText()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
 		t.Fatalf("failed to MarshalText a second time: %v", err)
 	}
 	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", y, buf2)
 		t.Fatalf("second MarshalText differs from first: %q != %q", buf, buf2)
 	}
 }

 // checkBinaryMarshaler checks that x's MarshalText and UnmarshalText functions round trip correctly.
 func checkBinaryMarshaler(t *testing.T, x encoding.BinaryMarshaler) {
 	buf, err := x.MarshalBinary()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	y := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(x)).Interface().(encoding.BinaryUnmarshaler)
 	err = y.UnmarshalBinary(buf)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Fatalf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, err)
 	}
 	e := reflect.ValueOf(y).Elem().Interface()
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(x, e) {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
 		t.Fatalf("MarshalBinary/UnmarshalBinary failed to round trip: %#v != %#v", x, e)
 	}
 	buf2, err := y.(encoding.BinaryMarshaler).MarshalBinary()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
 		t.Fatalf("failed to MarshalBinary a second time: %v", err)
 	}
 	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
 		t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
 		t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", y, buf2)
 		t.Fatalf("second MarshalBinary differs from first: %q != %q", buf, buf2)
 	}
 }

 func checkTextMarshalMatchesString(t *testing.T, x netipType) {
 	buf, err := x.MarshalText()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	str := x.String()
 	if string(buf) != str {
 		t.Fatalf("%v: MarshalText = %q, String = %q", x, buf, str)
 	}
 }

 type appendMarshaler interface {
 	encoding.TextMarshaler
 	AppendTo([]byte) []byte
 }

 // checkTextMarshalMatchesAppendTo checks that x's MarshalText matches x's AppendTo.
 func checkTextMarshalMatchesAppendTo(t *testing.T, x appendMarshaler) {
 	buf, err := x.MarshalText()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	buf2 := make([]byte, 0, len(buf))
 	buf2 = x.AppendTo(buf2)
 	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
 		t.Fatalf("%v: MarshalText = %q, AppendTo = %q", x, buf, buf2)
 	}
 }

 type netipType interface {
 	encoding.BinaryMarshaler
 	encoding.TextMarshaler
 	fmt.Stringer
 	IsValid() bool
 }

 type netipTypeCmp interface {
 	comparable
 	netipType
 }

 // checkStringParseRoundTrip checks that x's String method and the provided parse function can round trip correctly.
 func checkStringParseRoundTrip[P netipTypeCmp](t *testing.T, x P, parse func(string) (P, error)) {
 	if !x.IsValid() {
 		// Ignore invalid values.
 		return
 	}

 	s := x.String()
 	y, err := parse(s)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("s=%q err=%v", s, err)
 	}
 	if x != y {
 		t.Fatalf("%T round trip identity failure: s=%q x=%#v y=%#v", x, s, x, y)
 	}
 	s2 := y.String()
 	if s != s2 {
 		t.Fatalf("%T String round trip identity failure: s=%#v s2=%#v", x, s, s2)
 	}
 }

 func checkEncoding(t *testing.T, x netipType) {
 	if x.IsValid() {
 		checkTextMarshaler(t, x)
 		checkBinaryMarshaler(t, x)
 		checkTextMarshalMatchesString(t, x)
 	}

 	if am, ok := x.(appendMarshaler); ok {
 		checkTextMarshalMatchesAppendTo(t, am)
 	}
 }
	// Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	//go:build ignore_due_to_generics

	package netip_test

	import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	. "net/netip"
	"reflect"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	)

	var corpus = []string{
	// Basic zero IPv4 address.
	"0.0.0.0",
	// Basic non-zero IPv4 address.
	"192.168.140.255",
	// IPv4 address in windows-style "print all the digits" form.
	"010.000.015.001",
	// IPv4 address with a silly amount of leading zeros.
	"000001.00000002.00000003.000000004",
	// 4-in-6 with octet with leading zero
	"::ffff:1.2.03.4",
	// Basic zero IPv6 address.
	"::",
	// Localhost IPv6.
	"::1",
	// Fully expanded IPv6 address.
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b",
	// IPv6 with elided fields in the middle.
	"fd7a:115c::626b:430b",
	// IPv6 with elided fields at the end.
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96::",
	// IPv6 with single elided field at the end.
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b::",
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:0",
	// IPv6 with single elided field in the middle.
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0::4843:cd96:626b:430b",
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:0:4843:cd96:626b:430b",
	// IPv6 with the trailing 32 bits written as IPv4 dotted decimal. (4in6)
	"::ffff:192.168.140.255",
	"::ffff:192.168.140.255",
	// IPv6 with a zone specifier.
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b%eth0",
	// IPv6 with dotted decimal and zone specifier.
	"1:2::ffff:192.168.140.255%eth1",
	"1:2::ffff:c0a8:8cff%eth1",
	// IPv6 with capital letters.
	"FD9E:1A04:F01D::1",
	"fd9e:1a04:f01d::1",
	// Empty string.
	"",
	// Garbage non-IP.
	"bad",
	// Single number. Some parsers accept this as an IPv4 address in
	// big-endian uint32 form, but we don't.
	"1234",
	// IPv4 with a zone specifier.
	"1.2.3.4%eth0",
	// IPv4 field must have at least one digit.
	".1.2.3",
	"1.2.3.",
	"1..2.3",
	// IPv4 address too long.
	"1.2.3.4.5",
	// IPv4 in dotted octal form.
	"0300.0250.0214.0377",
	// IPv4 in dotted hex form.
	"0xc0.0xa8.0x8c.0xff",
	// IPv4 in class B form.
	"192.168.12345",
	// IPv4 in class B form, with a small enough number to be
	// parseable as a regular dotted decimal field.
	"127.0.1",
	// IPv4 in class A form.
	"192.1234567",
	// IPv4 in class A form, with a small enough number to be
	// parseable as a regular dotted decimal field.
	"127.1",
	// IPv4 field has value >255.
	"192.168.300.1",
	// IPv4 with too many fields.
	"192.168.0.1.5.6",
	// IPv6 with not enough fields.
	"1:2:3:4:5:6:7",
	// IPv6 with too many fields.
	"1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9",
	// IPv6 with 8 fields and a :: expander.
	"1:2:3:4::5:6:7:8",
	// IPv6 with a field bigger than 2b.
	"fe801::1",
	// IPv6 with non-hex values in field.
	"fe80:tail:scal:e::",
	// IPv6 with a zone delimiter but no zone.
	"fe80::1%",
	// IPv6 with a zone specifier of zero.
	"::ffff:0:0%0",
	// IPv6 (without ellipsis) with too many fields for trailing embedded IPv4.
	"ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:192.168.140.255",
	// IPv6 (with ellipsis) with too many fields for trailing embedded IPv4.
	"ffff::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:192.168.140.255",
	// IPv6 with invalid embedded IPv4.
	"::ffff:192.168.140.bad",
	// IPv6 with multiple ellipsis ::.
	"fe80::1::1",
	// IPv6 with invalid non hex/colon character.
	"fe80:1?:1",
	// IPv6 with truncated bytes after single colon.
	"fe80:",
	// AddrPort strings.
	"1.2.3.4:51820",
	"[fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b]:80",
	"[::ffff:c000:0280]:65535",
	"[::ffff:c000:0280%eth0]:1",
	// Prefix strings.
	"1.2.3.4/24",
	"fd7a:115c:a1e0:ab12:4843:cd96:626b:430b/118",
	"::ffff:c000:0280/96",
	"::ffff:c000:0280%eth0/37",
	}

	func FuzzParse(f *testing.F) {
	for _, seed := range corpus {
	f.Add(seed)
	}

	f.Fuzz(func(t *testing.T, s string) {
	ip, _ := ParseAddr(s)
	checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, ip, ParseAddr)
	checkEncoding(t, ip)

	// Check that we match the net's IP parser, modulo zones.
	if !strings.Contains(s, "%") {
	stdip := net.ParseIP(s)
	if !ip.IsValid() != (stdip == nil) {
	t.Errorf("ParseAddr zero != net.ParseIP nil: ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}

	if ip.IsValid() && !ip.Is4In6() {
	buf, err := ip.MarshalText()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	buf2, err := stdip.MarshalText()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
	t.Errorf("Addr.MarshalText() != net.IP.MarshalText(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.String() != stdip.String() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.String() != net.IP.String(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsGlobalUnicast() != stdip.IsGlobalUnicast() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsGlobalUnicast() != net.IP.IsGlobalUnicast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast() != stdip.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast() != net.IP.IsInterfaceLocalMulticast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsLinkLocalMulticast() != stdip.IsLinkLocalMulticast() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsLinkLocalMulticast() != net.IP.IsLinkLocalMulticast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsLinkLocalUnicast() != stdip.IsLinkLocalUnicast() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsLinkLocalUnicast() != net.IP.IsLinkLocalUnicast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsLoopback() != stdip.IsLoopback() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsLoopback() != net.IP.IsLoopback(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsMulticast() != stdip.IsMulticast() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsMulticast() != net.IP.IsMulticast(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsPrivate() != stdip.IsPrivate() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsPrivate() != net.IP.IsPrivate(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	if ip.IsUnspecified() != stdip.IsUnspecified() {
	t.Errorf("Addr.IsUnspecified() != net.IP.IsUnspecified(): ip=%q stdip=%q", ip, stdip)
	}
	}
	}

	// Check that .Next().Prev() and .Prev().Next() preserve the IP.
	if ip.IsValid() && ip.Next().IsValid() && ip.Next().Prev() != ip {
	t.Errorf(".Next.Prev did not round trip: ip=%q .next=%q .next.prev=%q", ip, ip.Next(), ip.Next().Prev())
	}
	if ip.IsValid() && ip.Prev().IsValid() && ip.Prev().Next() != ip {
	t.Errorf(".Prev.Next did not round trip: ip=%q .prev=%q .prev.next=%q", ip, ip.Prev(), ip.Prev().Next())
	}

	port, err := ParseAddrPort(s)
	if err == nil {
	checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, port, ParseAddrPort)
	checkEncoding(t, port)
	}
	port = AddrPortFrom(ip, 80)
	checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, port, ParseAddrPort)
	checkEncoding(t, port)

	ipp, err := ParsePrefix(s)
	if err == nil {
	checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, ipp, ParsePrefix)
	checkEncoding(t, ipp)
	}
	ipp = PrefixFrom(ip, 8)
	checkStringParseRoundTrip(t, ipp, ParsePrefix)
	checkEncoding(t, ipp)
	})
	}

	// checkTextMarshaler checks that x's MarshalText and UnmarshalText functions round trip correctly.
	func checkTextMarshaler(t *testing.T, x encoding.TextMarshaler) {
	buf, err := x.MarshalText()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	y := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(x)).Interface().(encoding.TextUnmarshaler)
	err = y.UnmarshalText(buf)
	if err != nil {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Fatalf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, err)
	}
	e := reflect.ValueOf(y).Elem().Interface()
	if !reflect.DeepEqual(x, e) {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
	t.Fatalf("MarshalText/UnmarshalText failed to round trip: %#v != %#v", x, e)
	}
	buf2, err := y.(encoding.TextMarshaler).MarshalText()
	if err != nil {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
	t.Fatalf("failed to MarshalText a second time: %v", err)
	}
	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalText(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalText() = %q", y, buf2)
	t.Fatalf("second MarshalText differs from first: %q != %q", buf, buf2)
	}
	}

	// checkBinaryMarshaler checks that x's MarshalText and UnmarshalText functions round trip correctly.
	func checkBinaryMarshaler(t *testing.T, x encoding.BinaryMarshaler) {
	buf, err := x.MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	y := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(x)).Interface().(encoding.BinaryUnmarshaler)
	err = y.UnmarshalBinary(buf)
	if err != nil {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Fatalf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, err)
	}
	e := reflect.ValueOf(y).Elem().Interface()
	if !reflect.DeepEqual(x, e) {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
	t.Fatalf("MarshalBinary/UnmarshalBinary failed to round trip: %#v != %#v", x, e)
	}
	buf2, err := y.(encoding.BinaryMarshaler).MarshalBinary()
	if err != nil {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
	t.Fatalf("failed to MarshalBinary a second time: %v", err)
	}
	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", x, buf)
	t.Logf("(%T).UnmarshalBinary(%q) = %v", y, buf, y)
	t.Logf("(%v).MarshalBinary() = %q", y, buf2)
	t.Fatalf("second MarshalBinary differs from first: %q != %q", buf, buf2)
	}
	}

	func checkTextMarshalMatchesString(t *testing.T, x netipType) {
	buf, err := x.MarshalText()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	str := x.String()
	if string(buf) != str {
	t.Fatalf("%v: MarshalText = %q, String = %q", x, buf, str)
	}
	}

	type appendMarshaler interface {
	encoding.TextMarshaler
	AppendTo([]byte) []byte
	}

	// checkTextMarshalMatchesAppendTo checks that x's MarshalText matches x's AppendTo.
	func checkTextMarshalMatchesAppendTo(t *testing.T, x appendMarshaler) {
	buf, err := x.MarshalText()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	buf2 := make([]byte, 0, len(buf))
	buf2 = x.AppendTo(buf2)
	if !bytes.Equal(buf, buf2) {
	t.Fatalf("%v: MarshalText = %q, AppendTo = %q", x, buf, buf2)
	}
	}

	type netipType interface {
	encoding.BinaryMarshaler
	encoding.TextMarshaler
	fmt.Stringer
	IsValid() bool
	}

	type netipTypeCmp interface {
	comparable
	netipType
	}

	// checkStringParseRoundTrip checks that x's String method and the provided parse function can round trip correctly.
	func checkStringParseRoundTrip[P netipTypeCmp](t *testing.T, x P, parse func(string) (P, error)) {
	if !x.IsValid() {
	// Ignore invalid values.
	return
	}

	s := x.String()
	y, err := parse(s)
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatalf("s=%q err=%v", s, err)
	}
	if x != y {
	t.Fatalf("%T round trip identity failure: s=%q x=%#v y=%#v", x, s, x, y)
	}
	s2 := y.String()
	if s != s2 {
	t.Fatalf("%T String round trip identity failure: s=%#v s2=%#v", x, s, s2)
	}
	}

	func checkEncoding(t *testing.T, x netipType) {
	if x.IsValid() {
	checkTextMarshaler(t, x)
	checkBinaryMarshaler(t, x)
	checkTextMarshalMatchesString(t, x)
	}

	if am, ok := x.(appendMarshaler); ok {
	checkTextMarshalMatchesAppendTo(t, am)
	}
	}