| /** |
| * Defines a package and module. |
| * |
| * Specification: $(LINK2 https://dlang.org/spec/module.html, Modules) |
| * |
| * Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2022 by The D Language Foundation, All Rights Reserved |
| * Authors: $(LINK2 https://www.digitalmars.com, Walter Bright) |
| * License: $(LINK2 https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt, Boost License 1.0) |
| * Source: $(LINK2 https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/src/dmd/dmodule.d, _dmodule.d) |
| * Documentation: https://dlang.org/phobos/dmd_dmodule.html |
| * Coverage: https://codecov.io/gh/dlang/dmd/src/master/src/dmd/dmodule.d |
| */ |
| |
| module dmd.dmodule; |
| |
| import core.stdc.stdio; |
| import core.stdc.stdlib; |
| import core.stdc.string; |
| import dmd.aggregate; |
| import dmd.arraytypes; |
| import dmd.astcodegen; |
| import dmd.astenums; |
| import dmd.compiler; |
| import dmd.gluelayer; |
| import dmd.dimport; |
| import dmd.dmacro; |
| import dmd.doc; |
| import dmd.dscope; |
| import dmd.dsymbol; |
| import dmd.dsymbolsem; |
| import dmd.errors; |
| import dmd.expression; |
| import dmd.expressionsem; |
| import dmd.file_manager; |
| import dmd.globals; |
| import dmd.id; |
| import dmd.identifier; |
| import dmd.parse; |
| import dmd.cparse; |
| import dmd.root.array; |
| import dmd.root.file; |
| import dmd.root.filename; |
| import dmd.common.outbuffer; |
| import dmd.root.port; |
| import dmd.root.rmem; |
| import dmd.root.rootobject; |
| import dmd.root.string; |
| import dmd.semantic2; |
| import dmd.semantic3; |
| import dmd.target; |
| import dmd.utils; |
| import dmd.visitor; |
| |
| // function used to call semantic3 on a module's dependencies |
| void semantic3OnDependencies(Module m) |
| { |
| if (!m) |
| return; |
| |
| if (m.semanticRun > PASS.semantic3) |
| return; |
| |
| m.semantic3(null); |
| |
| foreach (i; 1 .. m.aimports.dim) |
| semantic3OnDependencies(m.aimports[i]); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Remove generated .di files on error and exit |
| */ |
| void removeHdrFilesAndFail(ref Param params, ref Modules modules) nothrow |
| { |
| if (params.doHdrGeneration) |
| { |
| foreach (m; modules) |
| { |
| if (m.filetype == FileType.dhdr) |
| continue; |
| File.remove(m.hdrfile.toChars()); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| fatal(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Converts a chain of identifiers to the filename of the module |
| * |
| * Params: |
| * packages = the names of the "parent" packages |
| * ident = the name of the child package or module |
| * |
| * Returns: |
| * the filename of the child package or module |
| */ |
| private const(char)[] getFilename(Identifier[] packages, Identifier ident) nothrow |
| { |
| const(char)[] filename = ident.toString(); |
| |
| if (packages.length == 0) |
| return filename; |
| |
| OutBuffer buf; |
| OutBuffer dotmods; |
| auto modAliases = &global.params.modFileAliasStrings; |
| |
| void checkModFileAlias(const(char)[] p) |
| { |
| /* Check and replace the contents of buf[] with |
| * an alias string from global.params.modFileAliasStrings[] |
| */ |
| dotmods.writestring(p); |
| foreach_reverse (const m; *modAliases) |
| { |
| const q = strchr(m, '='); |
| assert(q); |
| if (dotmods.length == q - m && memcmp(dotmods.peekChars(), m, q - m) == 0) |
| { |
| buf.setsize(0); |
| auto rhs = q[1 .. strlen(q)]; |
| if (rhs.length > 0 && (rhs[$ - 1] == '/' || rhs[$ - 1] == '\\')) |
| rhs = rhs[0 .. $ - 1]; // remove trailing separator |
| buf.writestring(rhs); |
| break; // last matching entry in ms[] wins |
| } |
| } |
| dotmods.writeByte('.'); |
| } |
| |
| foreach (pid; packages) |
| { |
| const p = pid.toString(); |
| buf.writestring(p); |
| if (modAliases.dim) |
| checkModFileAlias(p); |
| version (Windows) |
| enum FileSeparator = '\\'; |
| else |
| enum FileSeparator = '/'; |
| buf.writeByte(FileSeparator); |
| } |
| buf.writestring(filename); |
| if (modAliases.dim) |
| checkModFileAlias(filename); |
| buf.writeByte(0); |
| filename = buf.extractSlice()[0 .. $ - 1]; |
| |
| return filename; |
| } |
| |
| /*********************************************************** |
| */ |
| extern (C++) class Package : ScopeDsymbol |
| { |
| PKG isPkgMod = PKG.unknown; |
| uint tag; // auto incremented tag, used to mask package tree in scopes |
| Module mod; // !=null if isPkgMod == PKG.module_ |
| |
| final extern (D) this(const ref Loc loc, Identifier ident) nothrow |
| { |
| super(loc, ident); |
| __gshared uint packageTag; |
| this.tag = packageTag++; |
| } |
| |
| override const(char)* kind() const nothrow |
| { |
| return "package"; |
| } |
| |
| override bool equals(const RootObject o) const |
| { |
| // custom 'equals' for bug 17441. "package a" and "module a" are not equal |
| if (this == o) |
| return true; |
| auto p = cast(Package)o; |
| return p && isModule() == p.isModule() && ident.equals(p.ident); |
| } |
| |
| /**************************************************** |
| * Input: |
| * packages[] the pkg1.pkg2 of pkg1.pkg2.mod |
| * Returns: |
| * the symbol table that mod should be inserted into |
| * Output: |
| * *pparent the rightmost package, i.e. pkg2, or NULL if no packages |
| * *ppkg the leftmost package, i.e. pkg1, or NULL if no packages |
| */ |
| extern (D) static DsymbolTable resolve(Identifier[] packages, Dsymbol* pparent, Package* ppkg) |
| { |
| DsymbolTable dst = Module.modules; |
| Dsymbol parent = null; |
| //printf("Package::resolve()\n"); |
| if (ppkg) |
| *ppkg = null; |
| foreach (pid; packages) |
| { |
| Package pkg; |
| Dsymbol p = dst.lookup(pid); |
| if (!p) |
| { |
| pkg = new Package(Loc.initial, pid); |
| dst.insert(pkg); |
| pkg.parent = parent; |
| pkg.symtab = new DsymbolTable(); |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| pkg = p.isPackage(); |
| assert(pkg); |
| // It might already be a module, not a package, but that needs |
| // to be checked at a higher level, where a nice error message |
| // can be generated. |
| // dot net needs modules and packages with same name |
| // But we still need a symbol table for it |
| if (!pkg.symtab) |
| pkg.symtab = new DsymbolTable(); |
| } |
| parent = pkg; |
| dst = pkg.symtab; |
| if (ppkg && !*ppkg) |
| *ppkg = pkg; |
| if (pkg.isModule()) |
| { |
| // Return the module so that a nice error message can be generated |
| if (ppkg) |
| *ppkg = cast(Package)p; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| if (pparent) |
| *pparent = parent; |
| return dst; |
| } |
| |
| override final inout(Package) isPackage() inout |
| { |
| return this; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Checks if pkg is a sub-package of this |
| * |
| * For example, if this qualifies to 'a1.a2' and pkg - to 'a1.a2.a3', |
| * this function returns 'true'. If it is other way around or qualified |
| * package paths conflict function returns 'false'. |
| * |
| * Params: |
| * pkg = possible subpackage |
| * |
| * Returns: |
| * see description |
| */ |
| final bool isAncestorPackageOf(const Package pkg) const |
| { |
| if (this == pkg) |
| return true; |
| if (!pkg || !pkg.parent) |
| return false; |
| return isAncestorPackageOf(pkg.parent.isPackage()); |
| } |
| |
| override Dsymbol search(const ref Loc loc, Identifier ident, int flags = SearchLocalsOnly) |
| { |
| //printf("%s Package.search('%s', flags = x%x)\n", toChars(), ident.toChars(), flags); |
| flags &= ~SearchLocalsOnly; // searching an import is always transitive |
| if (!isModule() && mod) |
| { |
| // Prefer full package name. |
| Dsymbol s = symtab ? symtab.lookup(ident) : null; |
| if (s) |
| return s; |
| //printf("[%s] through pkdmod: %s\n", loc.toChars(), toChars()); |
| return mod.search(loc, ident, flags); |
| } |
| return ScopeDsymbol.search(loc, ident, flags); |
| } |
| |
| override void accept(Visitor v) |
| { |
| v.visit(this); |
| } |
| |
| final Module isPackageMod() |
| { |
| if (isPkgMod == PKG.module_) |
| { |
| return mod; |
| } |
| return null; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Checks for the existence of a package.d to set isPkgMod appropriately |
| * if isPkgMod == PKG.unknown |
| */ |
| final void resolvePKGunknown() |
| { |
| if (isModule()) |
| return; |
| if (isPkgMod != PKG.unknown) |
| return; |
| |
| Identifier[] packages; |
| for (Dsymbol s = this.parent; s; s = s.parent) |
| packages ~= s.ident; |
| reverse(packages); |
| |
| if (FileManager.lookForSourceFile(getFilename(packages, ident), global.path ? (*global.path)[] : null)) |
| Module.load(Loc.initial, packages, this.ident); |
| else |
| isPkgMod = PKG.package_; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /*********************************************************** |
| */ |
| extern (C++) final class Module : Package |
| { |
| extern (C++) __gshared Module rootModule; |
| extern (C++) __gshared DsymbolTable modules; // symbol table of all modules |
| extern (C++) __gshared Modules amodules; // array of all modules |
| extern (C++) __gshared Dsymbols deferred; // deferred Dsymbol's needing semantic() run on them |
| extern (C++) __gshared Dsymbols deferred2; // deferred Dsymbol's needing semantic2() run on them |
| extern (C++) __gshared Dsymbols deferred3; // deferred Dsymbol's needing semantic3() run on them |
| extern (C++) __gshared uint dprogress; // progress resolving the deferred list |
| |
| static void _init() |
| { |
| modules = new DsymbolTable(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Deinitializes the global state of the compiler. |
| * |
| * This can be used to restore the state set by `_init` to its original |
| * state. |
| */ |
| static void deinitialize() |
| { |
| modules = modules.init; |
| } |
| |
| extern (C++) __gshared AggregateDeclaration moduleinfo; |
| |
| const(char)[] arg; // original argument name |
| ModuleDeclaration* md; // if !=null, the contents of the ModuleDeclaration declaration |
| const FileName srcfile; // input source file |
| const FileName objfile; // output .obj file |
| const FileName hdrfile; // 'header' file |
| FileName docfile; // output documentation file |
| const(ubyte)[] src; /// Raw content of the file |
| uint errors; // if any errors in file |
| uint numlines; // number of lines in source file |
| FileType filetype; // source file type |
| bool hasAlwaysInlines; // contains references to functions that must be inlined |
| bool isPackageFile; // if it is a package.d |
| Package pkg; // if isPackageFile is true, the Package that contains this package.d |
| Strings contentImportedFiles; // array of files whose content was imported |
| int needmoduleinfo; |
| int selfimports; // 0: don't know, 1: does not, 2: does |
| Dsymbol[void*] tagSymTab; /// ImportC: tag symbols that conflict with other symbols used as the index |
| |
| /************************************* |
| * Return true if module imports itself. |
| */ |
| bool selfImports() |
| { |
| //printf("Module::selfImports() %s\n", toChars()); |
| if (selfimports == 0) |
| { |
| foreach (Module m; amodules) |
| m.insearch = 0; |
| selfimports = imports(this) + 1; |
| foreach (Module m; amodules) |
| m.insearch = 0; |
| } |
| return selfimports == 2; |
| } |
| |
| int rootimports; // 0: don't know, 1: does not, 2: does |
| |
| /************************************* |
| * Return true if module imports root module. |
| */ |
| bool rootImports() |
| { |
| //printf("Module::rootImports() %s\n", toChars()); |
| if (rootimports == 0) |
| { |
| foreach (Module m; amodules) |
| m.insearch = 0; |
| rootimports = 1; |
| foreach (Module m; amodules) |
| { |
| if (m.isRoot() && imports(m)) |
| { |
| rootimports = 2; |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| foreach (Module m; amodules) |
| m.insearch = 0; |
| } |
| return rootimports == 2; |
| } |
| |
| int insearch; |
| Identifier searchCacheIdent; |
| Dsymbol searchCacheSymbol; // cached value of search |
| int searchCacheFlags; // cached flags |
| |
| /** |
| * A root module is one that will be compiled all the way to |
| * object code. This field holds the root module that caused |
| * this module to be loaded. If this module is a root module, |
| * then it will be set to `this`. This is used to determine |
| * ownership of template instantiation. |
| */ |
| Module importedFrom; |
| |
| Dsymbols* decldefs; // top level declarations for this Module |
| |
| Modules aimports; // all imported modules |
| |
| uint debuglevel; // debug level |
| Identifiers* debugids; // debug identifiers |
| Identifiers* debugidsNot; // forward referenced debug identifiers |
| |
| uint versionlevel; // version level |
| Identifiers* versionids; // version identifiers |
| Identifiers* versionidsNot; // forward referenced version identifiers |
| |
| MacroTable macrotable; // document comment macros |
| Escape* _escapetable; // document comment escapes |
| |
| size_t nameoffset; // offset of module name from start of ModuleInfo |
| size_t namelen; // length of module name in characters |
| |
| extern (D) this(const ref Loc loc, const(char)[] filename, Identifier ident, int doDocComment, int doHdrGen) |
| { |
| super(loc, ident); |
| const(char)[] srcfilename; |
| //printf("Module::Module(filename = '%.*s', ident = '%s')\n", cast(int)filename.length, filename.ptr, ident.toChars()); |
| this.arg = filename; |
| srcfilename = FileName.defaultExt(filename, mars_ext); |
| if (target.run_noext && global.params.run && |
| !FileName.ext(filename) && |
| FileName.exists(srcfilename) == 0 && |
| FileName.exists(filename) == 1) |
| { |
| FileName.free(srcfilename.ptr); |
| srcfilename = FileName.removeExt(filename); // just does a mem.strdup(filename) |
| } |
| else if (!FileName.equalsExt(srcfilename, mars_ext) && |
| !FileName.equalsExt(srcfilename, hdr_ext) && |
| !FileName.equalsExt(srcfilename, c_ext) && |
| !FileName.equalsExt(srcfilename, i_ext) && |
| !FileName.equalsExt(srcfilename, dd_ext)) |
| { |
| |
| error("source file name '%.*s' must have .%.*s extension", |
| cast(int)srcfilename.length, srcfilename.ptr, |
| cast(int)mars_ext.length, mars_ext.ptr); |
| fatal(); |
| } |
| |
| srcfile = FileName(srcfilename); |
| objfile = setOutfilename(global.params.objname, global.params.objdir, filename, target.obj_ext); |
| if (doDocComment) |
| setDocfile(); |
| if (doHdrGen) |
| hdrfile = setOutfilename(global.params.hdrname, global.params.hdrdir, arg, hdr_ext); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) this(const(char)[] filename, Identifier ident, int doDocComment, int doHdrGen) |
| { |
| this(Loc.initial, filename, ident, doDocComment, doHdrGen); |
| } |
| |
| static Module create(const(char)* filename, Identifier ident, int doDocComment, int doHdrGen) |
| { |
| return create(filename.toDString, ident, doDocComment, doHdrGen); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) static Module create(const(char)[] filename, Identifier ident, int doDocComment, int doHdrGen) |
| { |
| return new Module(Loc.initial, filename, ident, doDocComment, doHdrGen); |
| } |
| |
| extern (C++) static Module load(const ref Loc loc, Identifiers* packages, Identifier ident) |
| { |
| return load(loc, packages ? (*packages)[] : null, ident); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) static Module load(const ref Loc loc, Identifier[] packages, Identifier ident) |
| { |
| //printf("Module::load(ident = '%s')\n", ident.toChars()); |
| // Build module filename by turning: |
| // foo.bar.baz |
| // into: |
| // foo\bar\baz |
| const(char)[] filename = getFilename(packages, ident); |
| // Look for the source file |
| if (const result = FileManager.lookForSourceFile(filename, global.path ? (*global.path)[] : null)) |
| filename = result; // leaks |
| |
| auto m = new Module(loc, filename, ident, 0, 0); |
| |
| if (!m.read(loc)) |
| return null; |
| if (global.params.verbose) |
| { |
| OutBuffer buf; |
| foreach (pid; packages) |
| { |
| buf.writestring(pid.toString()); |
| buf.writeByte('.'); |
| } |
| buf.printf("%s\t(%s)", ident.toChars(), m.srcfile.toChars()); |
| message("import %s", buf.peekChars()); |
| } |
| if((m = m.parse()) is null) return null; |
| |
| return m; |
| } |
| |
| override const(char)* kind() const |
| { |
| return "module"; |
| } |
| |
| /********************************************* |
| * Combines things into output file name for .html and .di files. |
| * Input: |
| * name Command line name given for the file, NULL if none |
| * dir Command line directory given for the file, NULL if none |
| * arg Name of the source file |
| * ext File name extension to use if 'name' is NULL |
| * global.params.preservePaths get output path from arg |
| * srcfile Input file - output file name must not match input file |
| */ |
| extern(D) FileName setOutfilename(const(char)[] name, const(char)[] dir, const(char)[] arg, const(char)[] ext) |
| { |
| const(char)[] docfilename; |
| if (name) |
| { |
| docfilename = name; |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| const(char)[] argdoc; |
| OutBuffer buf; |
| if (arg == "__stdin.d") |
| { |
| version (Posix) |
| import core.sys.posix.unistd : getpid; |
| else version (Windows) |
| import core.sys.windows.winbase : getpid = GetCurrentProcessId; |
| buf.printf("__stdin_%d.d", getpid()); |
| arg = buf[]; |
| } |
| if (global.params.preservePaths) |
| argdoc = arg; |
| else |
| argdoc = FileName.name(arg); |
| // If argdoc doesn't have an absolute path, make it relative to dir |
| if (!FileName.absolute(argdoc)) |
| { |
| //FileName::ensurePathExists(dir); |
| argdoc = FileName.combine(dir, argdoc); |
| } |
| docfilename = FileName.forceExt(argdoc, ext); |
| } |
| if (FileName.equals(docfilename, srcfile.toString())) |
| { |
| error("source file and output file have same name '%s'", srcfile.toChars()); |
| fatal(); |
| } |
| return FileName(docfilename); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) void setDocfile() |
| { |
| docfile = setOutfilename(global.params.docname, global.params.docdir, arg, doc_ext); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Trigger the relevant semantic error when a file cannot be read |
| * |
| * We special case `object.d` as a failure is likely to be a rare |
| * but difficult to diagnose case for the user. Packages also require |
| * special handling to avoid exposing the compiler's internals. |
| * |
| * Params: |
| * loc = The location at which the file read originated (e.g. import) |
| */ |
| private void onFileReadError(const ref Loc loc) |
| { |
| if (FileName.equals(srcfile.toString(), "object.d")) |
| { |
| .error(loc, "cannot find source code for runtime library file 'object.d'"); |
| errorSupplemental(loc, "dmd might not be correctly installed. Run 'dmd -man' for installation instructions."); |
| const dmdConfFile = global.inifilename.length ? FileName.canonicalName(global.inifilename) : "not found"; |
| errorSupplemental(loc, "config file: %.*s", cast(int)dmdConfFile.length, dmdConfFile.ptr); |
| } |
| else if (FileName.ext(this.arg) || !loc.isValid()) |
| { |
| // Modules whose original argument name has an extension, or do not |
| // have a valid location come from the command-line. |
| // Error that their file cannot be found and return early. |
| .error(loc, "cannot find input file `%s`", srcfile.toChars()); |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| // if module is not named 'package' but we're trying to read 'package.d', we're looking for a package module |
| bool isPackageMod = (strcmp(toChars(), "package") != 0) && (strcmp(srcfile.name(), package_d) == 0 || (strcmp(srcfile.name(), package_di) == 0)); |
| if (isPackageMod) |
| .error(loc, "importing package '%s' requires a 'package.d' file which cannot be found in '%s'", toChars(), srcfile.toChars()); |
| else |
| { |
| .error(loc, "unable to read module `%s`", toChars()); |
| const pkgfile = FileName.combine(FileName.removeExt(srcfile.toString()), package_d); |
| .errorSupplemental(loc, "Expected '%s' or '%s' in one of the following import paths:", |
| srcfile.toChars(), pkgfile.ptr); |
| } |
| } |
| if (!global.gag) |
| { |
| /* Print path |
| */ |
| if (global.path) |
| { |
| foreach (i, p; *global.path) |
| fprintf(stderr, "import path[%llu] = %s\n", cast(ulong)i, p); |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| fprintf(stderr, "Specify path to file '%s' with -I switch\n", srcfile.toChars()); |
| } |
| |
| removeHdrFilesAndFail(global.params, Module.amodules); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Reads the file from `srcfile` and loads the source buffer. |
| * |
| * If makefile module dependency is requested, we add this module |
| * to the list of dependencies from here. |
| * |
| * Params: |
| * loc = the location |
| * |
| * Returns: `true` if successful |
| */ |
| bool read(const ref Loc loc) |
| { |
| if (this.src) |
| return true; // already read |
| |
| //printf("Module::read('%s') file '%s'\n", toChars(), srcfile.toChars()); |
| if (auto result = global.fileManager.lookup(srcfile)) |
| { |
| this.src = result; |
| if (global.params.emitMakeDeps) |
| global.params.makeDeps.push(srcfile.toChars()); |
| return true; |
| } |
| |
| this.onFileReadError(loc); |
| return false; |
| } |
| |
| /// syntactic parse |
| Module parse() |
| { |
| return parseModule!ASTCodegen(); |
| } |
| |
| /// ditto |
| extern (D) Module parseModule(AST)() |
| { |
| enum Endian { little, big} |
| enum SourceEncoding { utf16, utf32} |
| |
| /* |
| * Convert a buffer from UTF32 to UTF8 |
| * Params: |
| * Endian = is the buffer big/little endian |
| * buf = buffer of UTF32 data |
| * Returns: |
| * input buffer reencoded as UTF8 |
| */ |
| |
| char[] UTF32ToUTF8(Endian endian)(const(char)[] buf) |
| { |
| static if (endian == Endian.little) |
| alias readNext = Port.readlongLE; |
| else |
| alias readNext = Port.readlongBE; |
| |
| if (buf.length & 3) |
| { |
| error("odd length of UTF-32 char source %llu", cast(ulong) buf.length); |
| return null; |
| } |
| |
| const (uint)[] eBuf = cast(const(uint)[])buf; |
| |
| OutBuffer dbuf; |
| dbuf.reserve(eBuf.length); |
| |
| foreach (i; 0 .. eBuf.length) |
| { |
| const u = readNext(&eBuf[i]); |
| if (u & ~0x7F) |
| { |
| if (u > 0x10FFFF) |
| { |
| error("UTF-32 value %08x greater than 0x10FFFF", u); |
| return null; |
| } |
| dbuf.writeUTF8(u); |
| } |
| else |
| dbuf.writeByte(u); |
| } |
| dbuf.writeByte(0); //add null terminator |
| return dbuf.extractSlice(); |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Convert a buffer from UTF16 to UTF8 |
| * Params: |
| * Endian = is the buffer big/little endian |
| * buf = buffer of UTF16 data |
| * Returns: |
| * input buffer reencoded as UTF8 |
| */ |
| |
| char[] UTF16ToUTF8(Endian endian)(const(char)[] buf) |
| { |
| static if (endian == Endian.little) |
| alias readNext = Port.readwordLE; |
| else |
| alias readNext = Port.readwordBE; |
| |
| if (buf.length & 1) |
| { |
| error("odd length of UTF-16 char source %llu", cast(ulong) buf.length); |
| return null; |
| } |
| |
| const (ushort)[] eBuf = cast(const(ushort)[])buf; |
| |
| OutBuffer dbuf; |
| dbuf.reserve(eBuf.length); |
| |
| //i will be incremented in the loop for high codepoints |
| foreach (ref i; 0 .. eBuf.length) |
| { |
| uint u = readNext(&eBuf[i]); |
| if (u & ~0x7F) |
| { |
| if (0xD800 <= u && u < 0xDC00) |
| { |
| i++; |
| if (i >= eBuf.length) |
| { |
| error("surrogate UTF-16 high value %04x at end of file", u); |
| return null; |
| } |
| const u2 = readNext(&eBuf[i]); |
| if (u2 < 0xDC00 || 0xE000 <= u2) |
| { |
| error("surrogate UTF-16 low value %04x out of range", u2); |
| return null; |
| } |
| u = (u - 0xD7C0) << 10; |
| u |= (u2 - 0xDC00); |
| } |
| else if (u >= 0xDC00 && u <= 0xDFFF) |
| { |
| error("unpaired surrogate UTF-16 value %04x", u); |
| return null; |
| } |
| else if (u == 0xFFFE || u == 0xFFFF) |
| { |
| error("illegal UTF-16 value %04x", u); |
| return null; |
| } |
| dbuf.writeUTF8(u); |
| } |
| else |
| dbuf.writeByte(u); |
| } |
| dbuf.writeByte(0); //add a terminating null byte |
| return dbuf.extractSlice(); |
| } |
| |
| const(char)* srcname = srcfile.toChars(); |
| //printf("Module::parse(srcname = '%s')\n", srcname); |
| isPackageFile = (strcmp(srcfile.name(), package_d) == 0 || |
| strcmp(srcfile.name(), package_di) == 0); |
| const(char)[] buf = cast(const(char)[]) this.src; |
| |
| bool needsReencoding = true; |
| bool hasBOM = true; //assume there's a BOM |
| Endian endian; |
| SourceEncoding sourceEncoding; |
| |
| if (buf.length >= 2) |
| { |
| /* Convert all non-UTF-8 formats to UTF-8. |
| * BOM : https://www.unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html |
| * 00 00 FE FF UTF-32BE, big-endian |
| * FF FE 00 00 UTF-32LE, little-endian |
| * FE FF UTF-16BE, big-endian |
| * FF FE UTF-16LE, little-endian |
| * EF BB BF UTF-8 |
| */ |
| if (buf[0] == 0xFF && buf[1] == 0xFE) |
| { |
| endian = Endian.little; |
| |
| sourceEncoding = buf.length >= 4 && buf[2] == 0 && buf[3] == 0 |
| ? SourceEncoding.utf32 |
| : SourceEncoding.utf16; |
| } |
| else if (buf[0] == 0xFE && buf[1] == 0xFF) |
| { |
| endian = Endian.big; |
| sourceEncoding = SourceEncoding.utf16; |
| } |
| else if (buf.length >= 4 && buf[0] == 0 && buf[1] == 0 && buf[2] == 0xFE && buf[3] == 0xFF) |
| { |
| endian = Endian.big; |
| sourceEncoding = SourceEncoding.utf32; |
| } |
| else if (buf.length >= 3 && buf[0] == 0xEF && buf[1] == 0xBB && buf[2] == 0xBF) |
| { |
| needsReencoding = false;//utf8 with BOM |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| /* There is no BOM. Make use of Arcane Jill's insight that |
| * the first char of D source must be ASCII to |
| * figure out the encoding. |
| */ |
| hasBOM = false; |
| if (buf.length >= 4 && buf[1] == 0 && buf[2] == 0 && buf[3] == 0) |
| { |
| endian = Endian.little; |
| sourceEncoding = SourceEncoding.utf32; |
| } |
| else if (buf.length >= 4 && buf[0] == 0 && buf[1] == 0 && buf[2] == 0) |
| { |
| endian = Endian.big; |
| sourceEncoding = SourceEncoding.utf32; |
| } |
| else if (buf.length >= 2 && buf[1] == 0) //try to check for UTF-16 |
| { |
| endian = Endian.little; |
| sourceEncoding = SourceEncoding.utf16; |
| } |
| else if (buf[0] == 0) |
| { |
| endian = Endian.big; |
| sourceEncoding = SourceEncoding.utf16; |
| } |
| else { |
| // It's UTF-8 |
| needsReencoding = false; |
| if (buf[0] >= 0x80) |
| { |
| error("source file must start with BOM or ASCII character, not \\x%02X", buf[0]); |
| return null; |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| //throw away BOM |
| if (hasBOM) |
| { |
| if (!needsReencoding) buf = buf[3..$];// utf-8 already |
| else if (sourceEncoding == SourceEncoding.utf32) buf = buf[4..$]; |
| else buf = buf[2..$]; //utf 16 |
| } |
| } |
| // Assume the buffer is from memory and has not be read from disk. Assume UTF-8. |
| else if (buf.length >= 1 && (buf[0] == '\0' || buf[0] == 0x1A)) |
| needsReencoding = false; |
| //printf("%s, %d, %d, %d\n", srcfile.name.toChars(), needsReencoding, endian == Endian.little, sourceEncoding == SourceEncoding.utf16); |
| if (needsReencoding) |
| { |
| if (sourceEncoding == SourceEncoding.utf16) |
| { |
| buf = endian == Endian.little |
| ? UTF16ToUTF8!(Endian.little)(buf) |
| : UTF16ToUTF8!(Endian.big)(buf); |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| buf = endian == Endian.little |
| ? UTF32ToUTF8!(Endian.little)(buf) |
| : UTF32ToUTF8!(Endian.big)(buf); |
| } |
| // an error happened on UTF conversion |
| if (buf is null) return null; |
| } |
| |
| /* If it starts with the string "Ddoc", then it's a documentation |
| * source file. |
| */ |
| if (buf.length>= 4 && buf[0..4] == "Ddoc") |
| { |
| comment = buf.ptr + 4; |
| filetype = FileType.ddoc; |
| if (!docfile) |
| setDocfile(); |
| return this; |
| } |
| /* If it has the extension ".dd", it is also a documentation |
| * source file. Documentation source files may begin with "Ddoc" |
| * but do not have to if they have the .dd extension. |
| * https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15465 |
| */ |
| if (FileName.equalsExt(arg, dd_ext)) |
| { |
| comment = buf.ptr; // the optional Ddoc, if present, is handled above. |
| filetype = FileType.ddoc; |
| if (!docfile) |
| setDocfile(); |
| return this; |
| } |
| /* If it has the extension ".di", it is a "header" file. |
| */ |
| if (FileName.equalsExt(arg, hdr_ext)) |
| filetype = FileType.dhdr; |
| |
| /// Promote `this` to a root module if requested via `-i` |
| void checkCompiledImport() |
| { |
| if (!this.isRoot() && Compiler.onImport(this)) |
| this.importedFrom = this; |
| } |
| |
| DsymbolTable dst; |
| Package ppack = null; |
| |
| /* If it has the extension ".c", it is a "C" file. |
| * If it has the extension ".i", it is a preprocessed "C" file. |
| */ |
| if (FileName.equalsExt(arg, c_ext) || FileName.equalsExt(arg, i_ext)) |
| { |
| filetype = FileType.c; |
| |
| scope p = new CParser!AST(this, buf, cast(bool) docfile, target.c); |
| p.nextToken(); |
| checkCompiledImport(); |
| members = p.parseModule(); |
| assert(!p.md); // C doesn't have module declarations |
| numlines = p.scanloc.linnum; |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| scope p = new Parser!AST(this, buf, cast(bool) docfile); |
| p.nextToken(); |
| p.parseModuleDeclaration(); |
| md = p.md; |
| |
| if (md) |
| { |
| /* A ModuleDeclaration, md, was provided. |
| * The ModuleDeclaration sets the packages this module appears in, and |
| * the name of this module. |
| */ |
| this.ident = md.id; |
| dst = Package.resolve(md.packages, &this.parent, &ppack); |
| } |
| |
| // Done after parsing the module header because `module x.y.z` may override the file name |
| checkCompiledImport(); |
| |
| members = p.parseModuleContent(); |
| numlines = p.scanloc.linnum; |
| } |
| |
| /* The symbol table into which the module is to be inserted. |
| */ |
| |
| if (md) |
| { |
| // Mark the package path as accessible from the current module |
| // https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=21661 |
| // Code taken from Import.addPackageAccess() |
| if (md.packages.length > 0) |
| { |
| // module a.b.c.d; |
| auto p = ppack; // a |
| addAccessiblePackage(p, Visibility(Visibility.Kind.private_)); |
| foreach (id; md.packages[1 .. $]) // [b, c] |
| { |
| p = cast(Package) p.symtab.lookup(id); |
| if (p is null) |
| break; |
| addAccessiblePackage(p, Visibility(Visibility.Kind.private_)); |
| } |
| } |
| assert(dst); |
| Module m = ppack ? ppack.isModule() : null; |
| if (m && (strcmp(m.srcfile.name(), package_d) != 0 && |
| strcmp(m.srcfile.name(), package_di) != 0)) |
| { |
| .error(md.loc, "package name '%s' conflicts with usage as a module name in file %s", ppack.toPrettyChars(), m.srcfile.toChars()); |
| } |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| /* The name of the module is set to the source file name. |
| * There are no packages. |
| */ |
| dst = modules; // and so this module goes into global module symbol table |
| /* Check to see if module name is a valid identifier |
| */ |
| if (!Identifier.isValidIdentifier(this.ident.toChars())) |
| error("has non-identifier characters in filename, use module declaration instead"); |
| } |
| // Insert module into the symbol table |
| Dsymbol s = this; |
| if (isPackageFile) |
| { |
| /* If the source tree is as follows: |
| * pkg/ |
| * +- package.d |
| * +- common.d |
| * the 'pkg' will be incorporated to the internal package tree in two ways: |
| * import pkg; |
| * and: |
| * import pkg.common; |
| * |
| * If both are used in one compilation, 'pkg' as a module (== pkg/package.d) |
| * and a package name 'pkg' will conflict each other. |
| * |
| * To avoid the conflict: |
| * 1. If preceding package name insertion had occurred by Package::resolve, |
| * reuse the previous wrapping 'Package' if it exists |
| * 2. Otherwise, 'package.d' wrapped by 'Package' is inserted to the internal tree in here. |
| * |
| * Then change Package::isPkgMod to PKG.module_ and set Package::mod. |
| * |
| * Note that the 'wrapping Package' is the Package that contains package.d and other submodules, |
| * the one inserted to the symbol table. |
| */ |
| auto ps = dst.lookup(ident); |
| Package p = ps ? ps.isPackage() : null; |
| if (p is null) |
| { |
| p = new Package(Loc.initial, ident); |
| p.tag = this.tag; // reuse the same package tag |
| p.symtab = new DsymbolTable(); |
| } |
| this.tag = p.tag; // reuse the 'older' package tag |
| this.pkg = p; |
| p.parent = this.parent; |
| p.isPkgMod = PKG.module_; |
| p.mod = this; |
| s = p; |
| } |
| if (!dst.insert(s)) |
| { |
| /* It conflicts with a name that is already in the symbol table. |
| * Figure out what went wrong, and issue error message. |
| */ |
| Dsymbol prev = dst.lookup(ident); |
| assert(prev); |
| if (Module mprev = prev.isModule()) |
| { |
| if (!FileName.equals(srcname, mprev.srcfile.toChars())) |
| error(loc, "from file %s conflicts with another module %s from file %s", srcname, mprev.toChars(), mprev.srcfile.toChars()); |
| else if (isRoot() && mprev.isRoot()) |
| error(loc, "from file %s is specified twice on the command line", srcname); |
| else |
| error(loc, "from file %s must be imported with 'import %s;'", srcname, toPrettyChars()); |
| // https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14446 |
| // Return previously parsed module to avoid AST duplication ICE. |
| return mprev; |
| } |
| else if (Package pkg = prev.isPackage()) |
| { |
| // 'package.d' loaded after a previous 'Package' insertion |
| if (isPackageFile) |
| amodules.push(this); // Add to global array of all modules |
| else |
| error(md ? md.loc : loc, "from file %s conflicts with package name %s", srcname, pkg.toChars()); |
| } |
| else |
| assert(global.errors); |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| // Add to global array of all modules |
| amodules.push(this); |
| } |
| Compiler.onParseModule(this); |
| return this; |
| } |
| |
| override void importAll(Scope* prevsc) |
| { |
| //printf("+Module::importAll(this = %p, '%s'): parent = %p\n", this, toChars(), parent); |
| if (_scope) |
| return; // already done |
| if (filetype == FileType.ddoc) |
| { |
| error("is a Ddoc file, cannot import it"); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| /* Note that modules get their own scope, from scratch. |
| * This is so regardless of where in the syntax a module |
| * gets imported, it is unaffected by context. |
| * Ignore prevsc. |
| */ |
| Scope* sc = Scope.createGlobal(this); // create root scope |
| |
| if (md && md.msg) |
| md.msg = semanticString(sc, md.msg, "deprecation message"); |
| |
| // Add import of "object", even for the "object" module. |
| // If it isn't there, some compiler rewrites, like |
| // classinst == classinst -> .object.opEquals(classinst, classinst) |
| // would fail inside object.d. |
| if (filetype != FileType.c && |
| (members.dim == 0 || |
| (*members)[0].ident != Id.object || |
| (*members)[0].isImport() is null)) |
| { |
| auto im = new Import(Loc.initial, null, Id.object, null, 0); |
| members.shift(im); |
| } |
| if (!symtab) |
| { |
| // Add all symbols into module's symbol table |
| symtab = new DsymbolTable(); |
| for (size_t i = 0; i < members.dim; i++) |
| { |
| Dsymbol s = (*members)[i]; |
| s.addMember(sc, sc.scopesym); |
| } |
| } |
| // anything else should be run after addMember, so version/debug symbols are defined |
| /* Set scope for the symbols so that if we forward reference |
| * a symbol, it can possibly be resolved on the spot. |
| * If this works out well, it can be extended to all modules |
| * before any semantic() on any of them. |
| */ |
| setScope(sc); // remember module scope for semantic |
| for (size_t i = 0; i < members.dim; i++) |
| { |
| Dsymbol s = (*members)[i]; |
| s.setScope(sc); |
| } |
| for (size_t i = 0; i < members.dim; i++) |
| { |
| Dsymbol s = (*members)[i]; |
| s.importAll(sc); |
| } |
| sc = sc.pop(); |
| sc.pop(); // 2 pops because Scope.createGlobal() created 2 |
| } |
| |
| /********************************** |
| * Determine if we need to generate an instance of ModuleInfo |
| * for this Module. |
| */ |
| int needModuleInfo() |
| { |
| //printf("needModuleInfo() %s, %d, %d\n", toChars(), needmoduleinfo, global.params.cov); |
| return needmoduleinfo || global.params.cov; |
| } |
| |
| /******************************************* |
| * Print deprecation warning if we're deprecated, when |
| * this module is imported from scope sc. |
| * |
| * Params: |
| * sc = the scope into which we are imported |
| * loc = the location of the import statement |
| */ |
| void checkImportDeprecation(const ref Loc loc, Scope* sc) |
| { |
| if (md && md.isdeprecated && !sc.isDeprecated) |
| { |
| Expression msg = md.msg; |
| if (StringExp se = msg ? msg.toStringExp() : null) |
| { |
| const slice = se.peekString(); |
| if (slice.length) |
| { |
| deprecation(loc, "is deprecated - %.*s", cast(int)slice.length, slice.ptr); |
| return; |
| } |
| } |
| deprecation(loc, "is deprecated"); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| override Dsymbol search(const ref Loc loc, Identifier ident, int flags = SearchLocalsOnly) |
| { |
| /* Since modules can be circularly referenced, |
| * need to stop infinite recursive searches. |
| * This is done with the cache. |
| */ |
| //printf("%s Module.search('%s', flags = x%x) insearch = %d\n", toChars(), ident.toChars(), flags, insearch); |
| if (insearch) |
| return null; |
| |
| /* Qualified module searches always search their imports, |
| * even if SearchLocalsOnly |
| */ |
| if (!(flags & SearchUnqualifiedModule)) |
| flags &= ~(SearchUnqualifiedModule | SearchLocalsOnly); |
| |
| if (searchCacheIdent == ident && searchCacheFlags == flags) |
| { |
| //printf("%s Module::search('%s', flags = %d) insearch = %d searchCacheSymbol = %s\n", |
| // toChars(), ident.toChars(), flags, insearch, searchCacheSymbol ? searchCacheSymbol.toChars() : "null"); |
| return searchCacheSymbol; |
| } |
| |
| uint errors = global.errors; |
| |
| insearch = 1; |
| Dsymbol s = ScopeDsymbol.search(loc, ident, flags); |
| insearch = 0; |
| |
| if (errors == global.errors) |
| { |
| // https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10752 |
| // Can cache the result only when it does not cause |
| // access error so the side-effect should be reproduced in later search. |
| searchCacheIdent = ident; |
| searchCacheSymbol = s; |
| searchCacheFlags = flags; |
| } |
| return s; |
| } |
| |
| override bool isPackageAccessible(Package p, Visibility visibility, int flags = 0) |
| { |
| if (insearch) // don't follow import cycles |
| return false; |
| insearch = true; |
| scope (exit) |
| insearch = false; |
| if (flags & IgnorePrivateImports) |
| visibility = Visibility(Visibility.Kind.public_); // only consider public imports |
| return super.isPackageAccessible(p, visibility); |
| } |
| |
| override Dsymbol symtabInsert(Dsymbol s) |
| { |
| searchCacheIdent = null; // symbol is inserted, so invalidate cache |
| return Package.symtabInsert(s); |
| } |
| |
| void deleteObjFile() |
| { |
| if (global.params.obj) |
| File.remove(objfile.toChars()); |
| if (docfile) |
| File.remove(docfile.toChars()); |
| } |
| |
| /******************************************* |
| * Can't run semantic on s now, try again later. |
| */ |
| extern (D) static void addDeferredSemantic(Dsymbol s) |
| { |
| //printf("Module::addDeferredSemantic('%s')\n", s.toChars()); |
| deferred.push(s); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) static void addDeferredSemantic2(Dsymbol s) |
| { |
| //printf("Module::addDeferredSemantic2('%s')\n", s.toChars()); |
| deferred2.push(s); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) static void addDeferredSemantic3(Dsymbol s) |
| { |
| //printf("Module::addDeferredSemantic3('%s')\n", s.toChars()); |
| deferred3.push(s); |
| } |
| |
| /****************************************** |
| * Run semantic() on deferred symbols. |
| */ |
| static void runDeferredSemantic() |
| { |
| if (dprogress == 0) |
| return; |
| |
| __gshared int nested; |
| if (nested) |
| return; |
| //if (deferred.dim) printf("+Module::runDeferredSemantic(), len = %d\n", deferred.dim); |
| nested++; |
| |
| size_t len; |
| do |
| { |
| dprogress = 0; |
| len = deferred.dim; |
| if (!len) |
| break; |
| |
| Dsymbol* todo; |
| Dsymbol* todoalloc = null; |
| Dsymbol tmp; |
| if (len == 1) |
| { |
| todo = &tmp; |
| } |
| else |
| { |
| todo = cast(Dsymbol*)Mem.check(malloc(len * Dsymbol.sizeof)); |
| todoalloc = todo; |
| } |
| memcpy(todo, deferred.tdata(), len * Dsymbol.sizeof); |
| deferred.setDim(0); |
| |
| foreach (i; 0..len) |
| { |
| Dsymbol s = todo[i]; |
| s.dsymbolSemantic(null); |
| //printf("deferred: %s, parent = %s\n", s.toChars(), s.parent.toChars()); |
| } |
| //printf("\tdeferred.dim = %d, len = %d, dprogress = %d\n", deferred.dim, len, dprogress); |
| if (todoalloc) |
| free(todoalloc); |
| } |
| while (deferred.dim < len || dprogress); // while making progress |
| nested--; |
| //printf("-Module::runDeferredSemantic(), len = %d\n", deferred.dim); |
| } |
| |
| static void runDeferredSemantic2() |
| { |
| Module.runDeferredSemantic(); |
| |
| Dsymbols* a = &Module.deferred2; |
| for (size_t i = 0; i < a.dim; i++) |
| { |
| Dsymbol s = (*a)[i]; |
| //printf("[%d] %s semantic2a\n", i, s.toPrettyChars()); |
| s.semantic2(null); |
| |
| if (global.errors) |
| break; |
| } |
| a.setDim(0); |
| } |
| |
| static void runDeferredSemantic3() |
| { |
| Module.runDeferredSemantic2(); |
| |
| Dsymbols* a = &Module.deferred3; |
| for (size_t i = 0; i < a.dim; i++) |
| { |
| Dsymbol s = (*a)[i]; |
| //printf("[%d] %s semantic3a\n", i, s.toPrettyChars()); |
| s.semantic3(null); |
| |
| if (global.errors) |
| break; |
| } |
| a.setDim(0); |
| } |
| |
| extern (D) static void clearCache() nothrow |
| { |
| foreach (Module m; amodules) |
| m.searchCacheIdent = null; |
| } |
| |
| /************************************ |
| * Recursively look at every module this module imports, |
| * return true if it imports m. |
| * Can be used to detect circular imports. |
| */ |
| int imports(Module m) nothrow |
| { |
| //printf("%s Module::imports(%s)\n", toChars(), m.toChars()); |
| version (none) |
| { |
| foreach (i, Module mi; aimports) |
| printf("\t[%d] %s\n", cast(int) i, mi.toChars()); |
| } |
| foreach (Module mi; aimports) |
| { |
| if (mi == m) |
| return true; |
| if (!mi.insearch) |
| { |
| mi.insearch = 1; |
| int r = mi.imports(m); |
| if (r) |
| return r; |
| } |
| } |
| return false; |
| } |
| |
| bool isRoot() nothrow |
| { |
| return this.importedFrom == this; |
| } |
| |
| // true if the module source file is directly |
| // listed in command line. |
| bool isCoreModule(Identifier ident) nothrow |
| { |
| return this.ident == ident && parent && parent.ident == Id.core && !parent.parent; |
| } |
| |
| // Back end |
| int doppelganger; // sub-module |
| Symbol* cov; // private uint[] __coverage; |
| uint* covb; // bit array of valid code line numbers |
| Symbol* sictor; // module order independent constructor |
| Symbol* sctor; // module constructor |
| Symbol* sdtor; // module destructor |
| Symbol* ssharedctor; // module shared constructor |
| Symbol* sshareddtor; // module shared destructor |
| Symbol* stest; // module unit test |
| Symbol* sfilename; // symbol for filename |
| |
| uint[uint] ctfe_cov; /// coverage information from ctfe execution_count[line] |
| |
| override inout(Module) isModule() inout nothrow |
| { |
| return this; |
| } |
| |
| override void accept(Visitor v) |
| { |
| v.visit(this); |
| } |
| |
| /*********************************************** |
| * Writes this module's fully-qualified name to buf |
| * Params: |
| * buf = The buffer to write to |
| */ |
| void fullyQualifiedName(ref OutBuffer buf) nothrow |
| { |
| buf.writestring(ident.toString()); |
| |
| for (auto package_ = parent; package_ !is null; package_ = package_.parent) |
| { |
| buf.prependstring("."); |
| buf.prependstring(package_.ident.toChars()); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** Lazily initializes and returns the escape table. |
| Turns out it eats a lot of memory. |
| */ |
| extern(D) Escape* escapetable() nothrow |
| { |
| if (!_escapetable) |
| _escapetable = new Escape(); |
| return _escapetable; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /*********************************************************** |
| */ |
| extern (C++) struct ModuleDeclaration |
| { |
| Loc loc; |
| Identifier id; |
| Identifier[] packages; // array of Identifier's representing packages |
| bool isdeprecated; // if it is a deprecated module |
| Expression msg; |
| |
| extern (D) this(const ref Loc loc, Identifier[] packages, Identifier id, Expression msg, bool isdeprecated) |
| { |
| this.loc = loc; |
| this.packages = packages; |
| this.id = id; |
| this.msg = msg; |
| this.isdeprecated = isdeprecated; |
| } |
| |
| extern (C++) const(char)* toChars() const |
| { |
| OutBuffer buf; |
| foreach (pid; packages) |
| { |
| buf.writestring(pid.toString()); |
| buf.writeByte('.'); |
| } |
| buf.writestring(id.toString()); |
| return buf.extractChars(); |
| } |
| |
| /// Provide a human readable representation |
| extern (D) const(char)[] toString() const |
| { |
| return this.toChars().toDString; |
| } |
| } |
