libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/intro.xml

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<?dbhtml filename="intro.html"?>

<info><title>
  Introduction
  <indexterm><primary>Introduction</primary></indexterm>
</title>
  <keywordset>
    <keyword>ISO C++</keyword>
    <keyword>library</keyword>
  </keywordset>
</info>


<!-- Chapter 01 : Status -->
<chapter xml:id="manual.intro.status" xreflabel="Status"><info><title>Status</title></info>
  <?dbhtml filename="status.html"?>


  <!-- Section 01 : Implementation Status -->
  <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.iso" xreflabel="Status"><info><title>Implementation Status</title></info>


    <!-- Section 01.1 : Status C++ 1998 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx1998.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.2 : Status C++ 2011 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2011.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.3 : Status C++ 2014 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2014.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.4 : Status C++ 2017 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2017.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.4 : Status C++ 2020 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2020.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.5 : Status C++ 2023 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxx2023.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.6 : Status C++ TR1 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxxtr1.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.7 : Status C++ TR24733 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxxtr24733.xml">
    </xi:include>

    <!-- Section 01.8 : Status C++ IS 29124 -->
    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="status_cxxis29124.xml">
    </xi:include>
  </section>

  <!-- Section 02 : License -->
  <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.license" xreflabel="License"><info><title>License</title></info>
    <?dbhtml filename="license.html"?>

    <para>
    There are two licenses affecting GNU libstdc++: one for the code,
    and one for the documentation.
    </para>

    <para>
      There is a license section in the FAQ regarding common <link linkend="faq.license">questions</link>. If you have more
      questions, ask the FSF or the <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://gcc.gnu.org/lists.html">gcc mailing list</link>.
    </para>

    <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.license.gpl" xreflabel="License GPL"><info><title>The Code: GPL</title></info>


    <para>
      The source code is distributed under the <link linkend="appendix.gpl-3.0">GNU General Public License version 3</link>,
      with the addition under section 7 of an exception described in
      the <quote>GCC Runtime Library Exception, version 3.1</quote>
      as follows (or see the file COPYING.RUNTIME):
    </para>

    <literallayout class="normal">
GCC RUNTIME LIBRARY EXCEPTION

Version 3.1, 31 March 2009

Copyright (C) 2009 <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://www.fsf.org">Free Software Foundation, Inc.</link>

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
license document, but changing it is not allowed.

This GCC Runtime Library Exception ("Exception") is an additional
permission under section 7 of the GNU General Public License, version
3 ("GPLv3"). It applies to a given file (the "Runtime Library") that
bears a notice placed by the copyright holder of the file stating that
the file is governed by GPLv3 along with this Exception.

When you use GCC to compile a program, GCC may combine portions of
certain GCC header files and runtime libraries with the compiled
program. The purpose of this Exception is to allow compilation of
non-GPL (including proprietary) programs to use, in this way, the
header files and runtime libraries covered by this Exception.

0. Definitions.

A file is an "Independent Module" if it either requires the Runtime
Library for execution after a Compilation Process, or makes use of an
interface provided by the Runtime Library, but is not otherwise based
on the Runtime Library.

"GCC" means a version of the GNU Compiler Collection, with or without
modifications, governed by version 3 (or a specified later version) of
the GNU General Public License (GPL) with the option of using any
subsequent versions published by the FSF.

"GPL-compatible Software" is software whose conditions of propagation,
modification and use would permit combination with GCC in accord with
the license of GCC.

"Target Code" refers to output from any compiler for a real or virtual
target processor architecture, in executable form or suitable for
input to an assembler, loader, linker and/or execution
phase. Notwithstanding that, Target Code does not include data in any
format that is used as a compiler intermediate representation, or used
for producing a compiler intermediate representation.

The "Compilation Process" transforms code entirely represented in
non-intermediate languages designed for human-written code, and/or in
Java Virtual Machine byte code, into Target Code. Thus, for example,
use of source code generators and preprocessors need not be considered
part of the Compilation Process, since the Compilation Process can be
understood as starting with the output of the generators or
preprocessors.

A Compilation Process is "Eligible" if it is done using GCC, alone or
with other GPL-compatible software, or if it is done without using any
work based on GCC. For example, using non-GPL-compatible Software to
optimize any GCC intermediate representations would not qualify as an
Eligible Compilation Process.

1. Grant of Additional Permission.

You have permission to propagate a work of Target Code formed by
combining the Runtime Library with Independent Modules, even if such
propagation would otherwise violate the terms of GPLv3, provided that
all Target Code was generated by Eligible Compilation Processes. You
may then convey such a combination under terms of your choice,
consistent with the licensing of the Independent Modules.

2. No Weakening of GCC Copyleft.

The availability of this Exception does not imply any general
presumption that third-party software is unaffected by the copyleft
requirements of the license of GCC.
    </literallayout>

    <para>
      Hopefully that text is self-explanatory.  If it isn't, you need to speak
      to your lawyer, or the Free Software Foundation.
    </para>
    </section>

    <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.license.fdl" xreflabel="License FDL"><info><title>The Documentation: GPL, FDL</title></info>


    <para>
      The documentation shipped with the library and made available over
      the web, excluding the pages generated from source comments, are
      copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, and placed under the
      <link linkend="appendix.gfdl-1.3"> GNU Free Documentation
      License version 1.3</link>.  There are no Front-Cover Texts, no
      Back-Cover Texts, and no Invariant Sections.
    </para>

    <para>
      For documentation generated by doxygen or other automated tools
      via processing source code comments and markup, the original source
      code license applies to the generated files. Thus, the doxygen
      documents are licensed <link linkend="appendix.gpl-3.0">GPL</link>.
    </para>

    <para>
      If you plan on making copies of the documentation, please let us know.
      We can probably offer suggestions.
    </para>
    </section>

  </section>

  <!-- Section 03 : Known Bugs -->
  <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.bugs" xreflabel="Bugs"><info><title>Bugs</title></info>
    <?dbhtml filename="bugs.html"?>


    <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.bugs.impl" xreflabel="Bugs impl"><info><title>Implementation Bugs</title></info>

    <para>
      Information on known bugs, details on efforts to fix them, and
      fixed bugs are all available as part of the <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://gcc.gnu.org/bugs/">GCC bug tracking system</link>,
      under the component <quote>libstdc++</quote>.
    </para>
    </section>

    <section xml:id="manual.intro.status.bugs.iso" xreflabel="Bugs iso"><info><title>Standard Bugs</title></info>

      <para>
	Everybody's got issues.  Even the C++ Standard Library.
      </para>
      <para>
	The Library Working Group, or LWG, is the ISO subcommittee responsible
	for making changes to the library.  They periodically publish an
	Issues List containing problems and possible solutions.  As they reach
	a consensus on proposed solutions, we often incorporate the solution.
      </para>
      <para>
	Here are the issues which have resulted in code changes to the library.
	The links are to the full version of the Issues List.
        You can read the full version online
	at the <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/">ISO C++
	Committee homepage</link>.
      </para>
      <para>
	If a DR is not listed here, we may simply not have gotten to
	it yet; feel free to submit a patch.  Search the
        <filename class="directory">include</filename> and
        <filename class="directory">src</filename>
	directories for appearances of
	<constant>_GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS</constant> for examples
	of style.  Note that we usually do not make changes to the
	code until an issue has reached <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/lwg-active.html#DR">DR</link> status.
      </para>

      <variablelist>
    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr5"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#5">5</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">string::compare specification questionable</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>This should be two overloaded functions rather than a single function.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr17"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#17">17</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Bad bool parsing</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Apparently extracting Boolean values was messed up...
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr19"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#19">19</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">"Noconv" definition too vague</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>If <code>codecvt::do_in</code> returns <code>noconv</code> there are
	no changes to the values in <code>[to, to_limit)</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr22"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#22">22</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Member open vs flags</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Re-opening a file stream does <emphasis>not</emphasis> clear the state flags.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr23"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#23">23</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Num_get overflow result</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the proposed resolution.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr25"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#25">25</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">String operator&lt;&lt; uses width() value wrong</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Padding issues.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr48"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#48">48</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Use of non-existent exception constructor</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>An instance of <code>ios_base::failure</code> is constructed instead.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr49"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#49">49</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Underspecification of ios_base::sync_with_stdio</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The return type is the <emphasis>previous</emphasis> state of synchronization.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr50"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#50">50</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Copy constructor and assignment operator of ios_base</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>These members functions are declared <code>private</code> and are
	thus inaccessible.  Specifying the correct semantics of
	"copying stream state" was deemed too complicated.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr60"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#60">60</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">What is a formatted input function?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>This DR made many widespread changes to <code>basic_istream</code>
	and <code>basic_ostream</code> all of which have been implemented.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr63"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#63">63</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Exception-handling policy for unformatted output</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Make the policy consistent with that of formatted input, unformatted
	input, and formatted output.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr68"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#68">68</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Extractors for char* should store null at end</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>And they do now.  An editing glitch in the last item in the list of
	[27.6.1.2.3]/7.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr74"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#74">74</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Garbled text for codecvt::do_max_length</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The text of the standard was gibberish.  Typos gone rampant.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr75"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#75">75</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Contradiction in codecvt::length's argument types</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change the first parameter to <code>stateT&amp;</code> and implement
	the new effects paragraph.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr83"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#83">83</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">string::npos vs. string::max_size()</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Safety checks on the size of the string should test against
	<code>max_size()</code> rather than <code>npos</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr90"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#90">90</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Incorrect description of operator&gt;&gt; for strings</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The effect contain <code>isspace(c,getloc())</code> which must be
	replaced by <code>isspace(c,is.getloc())</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr91"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#91">91</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Description of operator&gt;&gt; and getline() for string&lt;&gt;
	    might cause endless loop</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>They behave as a formatted input function and as an unformatted
	input function, respectively (except that <code>getline</code> is
	not required to set <code>gcount</code>).
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr103"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#103">103</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">set::iterator is required to be modifiable, but this allows
	    modification of keys.</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>For associative containers where the value type is the same as
	the key type, both <code>iterator</code> and <code>const_iterator
	</code> are constant iterators.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr109"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#109">109</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Missing binders for non-const sequence elements</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The <code>binder1st</code> and <code>binder2nd</code> didn't have an
	<code>operator()</code> taking a non-const parameter.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr110"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#110">110</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">istreambuf_iterator::equal not const</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>This was not a const member function.  Note that the DR says to
	replace the function with a const one; we have instead provided an
	overloaded version with identical contents.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr117"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#117">117</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">basic_ostream uses nonexistent num_put member functions</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para><code>num_put::put()</code> was overloaded on the wrong types.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr118"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#118">118</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">basic_istream uses nonexistent num_get member functions</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Same as 117, but for <code>num_get::get()</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr129"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#129">129</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Need error indication from seekp() and seekg()</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>These functions set <code>failbit</code> on error now.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr130"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#130">130</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Return type of container::erase(iterator) differs for associative containers</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Make member <code>erase</code> return iterator for <code>set</code>, <code>multiset</code>, <code>map</code>, <code>multimap</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr136"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#136">136</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">seekp, seekg setting wrong streams?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para><code>seekp</code> should only set the output stream, and
	<code>seekg</code> should only set the input stream.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr167"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#167">167</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Improper use of traits_type::length()</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para><code>op&lt;&lt;</code> with a <code>const char*</code> was
	calculating an incorrect number of characters to write.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr169"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#169">169</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Bad efficiency of overflow() mandated</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Grow efficiently the internal array object.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr171"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#171">171</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Strange seekpos() semantics due to joint position</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Quite complex to summarize...
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr181"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#181">181</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">make_pair() unintended behavior</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>This function used to take its arguments as reference-to-const, now
	it copies them (pass by value).
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr195"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#195">195</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Should basic_istream::sentry's constructor ever set eofbit?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Yes, it can, specifically if EOF is reached while skipping whitespace.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr206"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#206">206</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>operator new(size_t, nothrow)</code> may become
	  unlinked to ordinary <code>operator new</code> if ordinary
	  version replaced
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The <code>nothrow</code> forms of new and delete were
      changed to call the throwing forms, handling any exception by
      catching it and returning a null pointer.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr211"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#211">211</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">operator&gt;&gt;(istream&amp;, string&amp;) doesn't set failbit</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>If nothing is extracted into the string, <code>op&gt;&gt;</code> now
	sets <code>failbit</code> (which can cause an exception, etc., etc.).
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr214"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#214">214</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">set::find() missing const overload</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Both <code>set</code> and <code>multiset</code> were missing
	overloaded find, lower_bound, upper_bound, and equal_range functions
	for const instances.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr231"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#231">231</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Precision in iostream?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>For conversion from a floating-point type, <code>str.precision()</code>
	is specified in the conversion specification.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr233"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#233">233</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Insertion hints in associative containers</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement N1780, first check before then check after, insert as close
	to hint as possible.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr235"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#235">235</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">No specification of default ctor for reverse_iterator</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The declaration of <code>reverse_iterator</code> lists a default constructor.
	However, no specification is given what this constructor should do.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr241"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#241">241</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Does unique_copy() require CopyConstructible and Assignable?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add a helper for forward_iterator/output_iterator, fix the existing
	one for input_iterator/output_iterator to not rely on Assignability.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr243"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#243">243</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">get and getline when sentry reports failure</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Store a null character only if the character array has a non-zero size.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr251"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#251">251</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">basic_stringbuf missing allocator_type</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>This nested typedef was originally not specified.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr253"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#253">253</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">valarray helper functions are almost entirely useless</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Make the copy constructor and copy-assignment operator declarations
	public in gslice_array, indirect_array, mask_array, slice_array; provide
	definitions.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr265"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#265">265</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">std::pair::pair() effects overly restrictive</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The default ctor would build its members from copies of temporaries;
	now it simply uses their respective default ctors.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr266"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#266">266</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">bad_exception::~bad_exception() missing Effects clause</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The <code>bad_</code>* classes no longer have destructors (they
	are trivial), since no description of them was ever given.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr271"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#271">271</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">basic_iostream missing typedefs</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The typedefs it inherits from its base classes can't be used, since
	(for example) <code>basic_iostream&lt;T&gt;::traits_type</code> is ambiguous.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr275"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#275">275</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Wrong type in num_get::get() overloads</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Similar to 118.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr280"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#280">280</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Comparison of reverse_iterator to const reverse_iterator</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add global functions with two template parameters.
	(NB: not added for now a templated assignment operator)
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr292"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#292">292</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Effects of a.copyfmt (a)</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>If <code>(this == &amp;rhs)</code> do nothing.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr300"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#300">300</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">List::merge() specification incomplete</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>If <code>(this == &amp;x)</code> do nothing.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr303"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#303">303</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Bitset input operator underspecified</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Basically, compare the input character to
		    <code>is.widen(0)</code> and <code>is.widen(1)</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr305"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#305">305</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Default behavior of codecvt&lt;wchar_t, char,
		  mbstate_t&gt;::length()</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Do not specify what <code>codecvt&lt;wchar_t, char,
		    mbstate_t&gt;::do_length</code> must return.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr328"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#328">328</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Bad sprintf format modifier in
		  money_put&lt;&gt;::do_put()</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change the format string to "%.0Lf".
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr365"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#365">365</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Lack of const-qualification in clause 27</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add const overloads of <code>is_open</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr387"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#387">387</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">std::complex over-encapsulated</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add the <code>real(T)</code> and <code>imag(T)</code>
		    members;  in C++11 mode, also adjust the existing
		    <code>real()</code> and <code>imag()</code> members and
		    free functions.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr389"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#389">389</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Const overload of valarray::operator[] returns
		  by value</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change it to return a <code>const T&amp;</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr396"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#396">396</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">what are characters zero and one</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the proposed resolution.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr402"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#402">402</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Wrong new expression in [some_]allocator::construct</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Replace "new" with "::new".
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#408">408</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">
	Is vector&lt;reverse_iterator&lt;char*&gt; &gt; forbidden?
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Tweak the debug-mode checks in _Safe_iterator.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr409"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#409">409</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Closing an fstream should clear the error state</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Have <code>open</code> clear the error flags.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr415"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#415">415</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Behavior of std::ws</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change it to be an unformatted input function
      (i.e. construct a sentry and catch exceptions).
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#431">431</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Swapping containers with unequal allocators</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement Option 3, as per N1599.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr432"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#432">432</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">stringbuf::overflow() makes only one write position
	    available</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the resolution, beyond DR 169.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr434"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#434">434</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">bitset::to_string() hard to use</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add three overloads, taking fewer template arguments.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr438"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#438">438</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Ambiguity in the "do the right thing" clause</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the resolution, basically cast less.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr445"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#445">445</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">iterator_traits::reference unspecified for some iterator categories</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change <code>istreambuf_iterator::reference</code> in C++11 mode.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr453"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#453">453</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">basic_stringbuf::seekoff need not always fail for an empty stream</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Don't fail if the next pointer is null and newoff is zero.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr455"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#455">455</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">cerr::tie() and wcerr::tie() are overspecified</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Initialize cerr tied to cout and wcerr tied to wcout.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr464"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#464">464</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Suggestion for new member functions in standard containers</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>data()</code> to <code>std::vector</code> and
	<code>at(const key_type&amp;)</code> to <code>std::map</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr467"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#467">467</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">char_traits::lt(), compare(), and memcmp()</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change <code>lt</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr508"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#508">508</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Bad parameters for ranlux64_base_01</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Fix the parameters.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#512">512</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Seeding subtract_with_carry_01 from a single unsigned long</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Construct a <code>linear_congruential</code> engine and seed with it.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="../ext/lwg-closed.html#526">526</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Is it undefined if a function in the standard changes in
	    parameters?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use &amp;value.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr538"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#538">538</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">241 again: Does unique_copy() require CopyConstructible
	    and Assignable?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>In case of input_iterator/output_iterator rely on Assignability of
	input_iterator' value_type.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr539"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#539">539</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">partial_sum and adjacent_difference should mention
	    requirements</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>We were almost doing the right thing, just use std::move
	in adjacent_difference.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr541"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#541">541</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">shared_ptr template assignment and void</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add an auto_ptr&lt;void&gt; specialization.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr543"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#543">543</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">valarray slice default constructor</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Follow the straightforward proposed resolution.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr550"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#550">550</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">What should the return type of pow(float,int) be?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>In C++11 mode, remove the pow(float,int), etc., signatures.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr581"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#581">581</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>flush()</code> not unformatted function</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change it to be a unformatted output function (i.e. construct a sentry and catch exceptions).
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr586"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#586">586</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">string inserter not a formatted function</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change it to be a formatted output function (i.e. catch exceptions).
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr596"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#596">596</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">27.8.1.3 Table 112 omits "a+" and "a+b" modes</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add the missing modes to fopen_mode.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr630"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#630">630</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">arrays of valarray</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the simple resolution.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr660"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#660">660</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Missing bitwise operations</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add the missing operations.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr691"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#691">691</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">const_local_iterator cbegin, cend missing from TR1</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>In C++11 mode add cbegin(size_type) and cend(size_type)
		    to the unordered containers.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr693"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#693">693</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">std::bitset::all() missing</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add it, consistently with the discussion.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr695"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#695">695</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">ctype&lt;char&gt;::classic_table() not accessible</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Make the member functions table and classic_table public.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr696"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#696">696</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">istream::operator&gt;&gt;(int&amp;) broken</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the straightforward resolution.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr761"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#761">761</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">unordered_map needs an at() member function</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>In C++11 mode, add at() and at() const.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr775"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#775">775</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Tuple indexing should be unsigned?</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the int -&gt; size_t replacements.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr776"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#776">776</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Undescribed assign function of std::array</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>In C++11 mode, remove assign, add fill.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr781"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#781">781</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">std::complex should add missing C99 functions</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>In C++11 mode, add std::proj.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr809"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#809">809</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">std::swap should be overloaded for array types</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add the overload.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr853"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#853">853</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">to_string needs updating with zero and one</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Update / add the signatures.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr865"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#865">865</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">More algorithms that throw away information</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The traditional HP / SGI return type and value is blessed
		    by the resolution of the DR.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr1203"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#1203">1203</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">More useful rvalue stream insertion</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Return the stream as its original type, not the base class.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr1339"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#1339">1339</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">uninitialized_fill_n should return the end of its range</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Return the end of the filled range.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2021"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2021">2021</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Further incorrect uses of <code>result_of</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Correctly decay types in signature of <code>std::async</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2049"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2049">2049</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>is_destructible</code> underspecified</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Handle non-object types.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2056"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2056">2056</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">future_errc enums start with value 0 (invalid value for broken_promise)</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Reorder enumerators.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2059"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2059">2059</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">C++0x ambiguity problem with map::erase</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add additional overloads.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2062"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2062">2062</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">2062. Effect contradictions w/o no-throw guarantee of <code>std::function</code> swaps</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>noexcept</code> to swap functions.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2063"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2063">2063</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Contradictory requirements for string move assignment</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Respect propagation trait for move assignment.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2064"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2064">2064</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">More noexcept issues in basic_string</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add noexcept to the comparison operators.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2067"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2067">2067</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">packaged_task should have deleted copy c'tor with const parameter</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Fix signatures.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2101"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2101">2101</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Some transformation types can produce impossible types</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use the referenceable type concept.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2106"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2106">2106</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">move_iterator wrapping iterators returning prvalues</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change the <code>reference</code> type.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2108"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2108">2108</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">No way to identify allocator types that always compare equal</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Define and use <code>is_always_equal</code> even for C++11.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2118"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2118">2118</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>unique_ptr</code> for array does not support cv qualification conversion of actual argument</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Adjust constraints to allow safe conversions.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2127"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2127">2127</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Move-construction with <code>raw_storage_iterator</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add assignment operator taking an rvalue.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2132"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2132">2132</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>std::function</code> ambiguity</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Constrain the constructor to only accept callable types.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2141"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2141">2141</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>common_type</code> trait produces reference types</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use <code>decay</code> for the result type.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2144"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2144">2144</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Missing <code>noexcept</code> specification in <code>type_index</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>noexcept</code>
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2145"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2145">2145</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>error_category</code> default constructor</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Declare a public constexpr constructor.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2162"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2162">2162</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>allocator_traits::max_size</code> missing <code>noexcept</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>noexcept</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2187"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2187">2187</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>vector&lt;bool&gt;</code> is missing <code>emplace</code> and <code>emplace_back</code> member functions</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>emplace</code> and <code>emplace_back</code> member functions.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2192"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2192">2192</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Validity and return type of <code>std::abs(0u)</code> is unclear</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Move all declarations to a common header and remove the
    generic <code>abs</code> which accepted unsigned arguments.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2196"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2196">2196</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Specification of <code>is_*[copy/move]_[constructible/assignable]</code> unclear for non-referencable types</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use the referenceable type concept.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2212"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2212">2212</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>tuple_size</code> for <code>const pair</code> request <code>&lt;tuple&gt;</code> header</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>The <code>tuple_size</code> and <code>tuple_element</code>
    partial specializations are defined in <code>&lt;utility&gt;</code> which
    is included by <code>&lt;array&gt;</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2296"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2296">2296</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>std::addressof</code> should be constexpr</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use <code>__builtin_addressof</code> and add
    <code>constexpr</code> to <code>addressof</code> for C++17 and later.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2306"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2306">2306</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>match_results::reference</code> should be <code>value_type&amp;</code>, not <code>const value_type&amp;</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change typedef.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2313"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2313">2313</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>tuple_size</code> should always derive from <code>integral_constant&lt;size_t, N&gt;</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Update definitions of the partial specializations for const and volatile types.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2328"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2328">2328</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Rvalue stream extraction should use perfect forwarding</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use perfect forwarding for right operand.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2329"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2329">2329</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>regex_match()/regex_search()</code> with <code>match_results</code> should forbid temporary strings</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add deleted overloads for rvalue strings.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2332"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2332">2332</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>regex_iterator/regex_token_iterator</code> should forbid temporary regexes</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add deleted constructors.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2354"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2354">2332</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Unnecessary copying when inserting into maps with braced-init syntax</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add overloads of <code>insert</code> taking <code>value_type&amp;&amp;</code> rvalues.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2399"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2399">2399</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>shared_ptr</code>'s constructor from <code>unique_ptr</code> should be constrained</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Constrain the constructor to require convertibility.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2400"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2400">2400</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>shared_ptr</code>'s <code>get_deleter()</code> should use <code>addressof()</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use <code>addressof</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2401"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2401">2401</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>std::function</code> needs more <code>noexcept</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>noexcept</code> to the assignment and comparisons.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2407"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2407">2407</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>packaged_task(allocator_arg_t, const Allocator&amp;, F&amp;&amp;)</code>
                 should neither be constrained nor <code>explicit</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Remove <code>explicit</code> from the constructor.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2408"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2408">2408</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">SFINAE-friendly
         <code>common_type</code>/<code>iterator_traits</code>
         is missing in C++14
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Make <code>iterator_traits</code> empty if any of the
      types is not present in the iterator.
      Make <code>common_type&lt;&gt;</code> empty.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2415"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2415">2415</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Inconsistency between <code>unique_ptr</code> and <code>shared_ptr</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Create empty an <code>shared_ptr</code> from an empty
                    <code>unique_ptr</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2418"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2418">2418</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>apply</code> does not work with member pointers</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use <code>mem_fn</code> for member pointers.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2440"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2440">2440</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>seed_seq::size()</code> should be <code>noexcept</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add <code>noexcept</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2441"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2441">2441</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Exact-width atomic typedefs should be provided</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Define the typedefs.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2442"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2442">2442</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>call_once()</code> shouldn't <code>DECAY_COPY()</code></emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Remove indirection through call wrapper that made copies
    of arguments and forward arguments straight to <code>std::invoke</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2454"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2454">2454</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Add <code>raw_storage_iterator::base()</code> member
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add the <code>base()</code> member function.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2455"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2455">2455</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Allocator default construction should be allowed to throw
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Make <code>noexcept</code> specifications conditional.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2458"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2458">2458</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">N3778 and new library deallocation signatures
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Remove unused overloads.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2459"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2459">2459</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>std::polar</code> should require a non-negative rho
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add debug mode assertion.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2465"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2465">2465</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">SFINAE-friendly <code>common_type</code> is nearly impossible
       to specialize correctly and regresses key functionality
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Detect whether <code>decay_t</code> changes either type
      and use the decayed types if so.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2466"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2466">2466</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>allocator_traits::max_size()</code> default behavior is incorrect
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Divide by the object type.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2484"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2484">2484</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>rethrow_if_nested()</code>  is doubly unimplementable
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Avoid using <code>dynamic_cast</code> when it would be
    ill-formed.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2487"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2487">2487</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>bind()</code> should be <code>const</code>-overloaded
	not <emphasis>cv</emphasis>-overloaded
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Deprecate volatile-qualified <code>operator()</code>
    for C++17, make it ill-formed for C++20.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2499"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2499">2499</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>operator>>(basic_istream&amp;, CharT*)</code> makes it hard to avoid buffer overflows
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Replace <code>operator>>(basic_istream&amp;, CharT*)</code>
     and other overloads writing through pointers.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2537"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2537">2537</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Constructors for <code>priority_queue</code> taking allocators
	 should call <code>make_heap</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Call <code>make_heap</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2566"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2566">2566</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Requirements on the first template parameter of container adaptors
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add static assertions to enforce the requirement.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2583"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2583">2583</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">There is no way to supply an allocator for <code>basic_string(str, pos)</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add new constructor.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2586"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2586">2586</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Wrong value category used in <code>scoped_allocator_adaptor::construct()</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change internal helper for uses-allocator construction
      to always check using const lvalue allocators.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2684"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2684">2684</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>priority_queue</code> lacking comparator typedef
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Define the <code>value_compare</code> typedef.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2735"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2735">2735</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>std::abs(short)</code>,
	 <code>std::abs(signed char)</code> and others should return
	 <code>int</code> instead of <code>double</code> in order to be
	 compatible with C++98 and C
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Resolved by the changes for
      <link linkend="manual.bugs.dr2192">2192</link>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2770"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2770">2770</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>tuple_size&lt;const T&gt;</code> specialization is not
	 SFINAE compatible and breaks decomposition declarations
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Safely detect <code>tuple_size&lt;T&gt;::value</code> and
      only use it if valid.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2781"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2781">2781</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Contradictory requirements for <code>std::function</code>
         and <code>std::reference_wrapper</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Remove special handling for <code>reference_wrapper</code>
      arguments and store them directly as the target object.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2802"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2802">2802</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Add noexcept to several <code>shared_ptr</code> related
         functions
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add noexcept.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2873"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2873">2873</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>shared_ptr</code> constructor requirements for a deleter
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Use rvalues for deleters.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2921"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2921">2921</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>packaged_task</code> and type-erased allocators
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>For C++17 mode, remove the constructors taking
      an allocator argument.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2942"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2942">2942</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">LWG 2873's resolution missed
         <code>weak_ptr::owner_before</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add noexcept.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2996"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2996">2996</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Missing rvalue overloads for
         <code>shared_ptr</code> operations
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Add additional constructor and cast overloads.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr2993"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#2993">2993</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>reference_wrapper&lt;T&gt;</code> conversion from <code>T&amp;&amp;</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Replaced the constructors with a constrained template,
      to prevent participation in overload resolution when not valid.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr3074"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#3074">3074</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Non-member functions for <code>valarray</code> should only deduce from the <code>valarray</code>
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change scalar operands to be non-deduced context, so that
      they will allow conversions from other types to the value_type.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr3076"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#3076">3076</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>basic_string</code> CTAD ambiguity
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Change constructors to constrained templates.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr3096"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#3096">3096</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold"><code>path::lexically_relative</code> is confused by trailing slashes
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Implement the fix for trailing slashes.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

    <varlistentry xml:id="manual.bugs.dr3656"><term><link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="&DR;#3656">3656</link>:
	<emphasis role="bold">Inconsistent bit operations returning a count
	</emphasis>
    </term>
    <listitem><para>Changed <code>bit_width</code> to return <code>int</code>.
    </para></listitem></varlistentry>

  </variablelist>

 </section>
  </section>
</chapter>


<!-- Chapter 02 : Setup -->
<chapter xml:id="manual.intro.setup" xreflabel="Setup"><info><title>Setup</title></info>
  <?dbhtml filename="setup.html"?>


   <para>Transforming libstdc++ sources into installed include files
   and properly built binaries useful for linking to other software is
   done as part of building GCC. Building libstdc++ separately from the
   rest of GCC is not supported.
   </para>

   <para>The general outline of commands to build GCC is something like:
   </para>

<programlisting>
   <replaceable>get gcc sources</replaceable>
   <replaceable>extract into gccsrcdir</replaceable>
   mkdir <replaceable>gccbuilddir</replaceable>
   cd <replaceable>gccbuilddir</replaceable>
   <replaceable>gccsrcdir</replaceable>/configure --prefix=<replaceable>destdir</replaceable> --other-opts...
   make
   make check
   make install
</programlisting>

   <para>
     Each step is described in more detail in the following sections.
   </para>

  <!-- Section 01 : Prerequisites -->
  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="prerequisites.xml">
  </xi:include>

  <!-- Section 02 : Configure -->
  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="configure.xml">
  </xi:include>

  <!-- Section 03 : Make -->
<section xml:id="manual.intro.setup.make" xreflabel="Make"><info><title>Make</title></info>
  <?dbhtml filename="make.html"?>

   <para>If you have never done this before, you should read the basic
      <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://gcc.gnu.org/install/">GCC Installation
      Instructions</link> first.  Read <emphasis>all of them</emphasis>.
      <emphasis>Twice.</emphasis>
   </para>

<para>Then type: <command>make</command>, and congratulations, you've
started to build.
</para>

</section>

</chapter>

<!-- Chapter 03 : Using -->
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" parse="xml" href="using.xml">
</xi:include>

</part>